ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS OE THE PRESIDENT. 45 



tomy, 35 are palgeontological, 11 are upon geographical zoology, 

 and the remainder relate to archseological zoology, botany, and 

 miscellaneous subjects. Brandt also published, in Helmersen and 

 Schrenck's ' Contributions to a Knowledge of the Russian Empire and 

 adjacent Lands of Asia,' a valuable and learned memoir on the pro- 

 gress of zoology in liussia between 1831 and 1879. He made great 

 scientific journeys in Russia, first to Nicolajew in search of the 

 mammoth, and afterward to the Caucasus to carry on his studies of 

 its fish. He also visited and studied in the museums of Germany, 

 Switzerland, Upper Italy, France, Belgium, Holland, and England. 



Before going to St. Petersburg he married, and had a family of 

 three daughters and four sons. The second son, Alexander, who 

 has inherited his father's zoological and paleeontological tendencies, 

 is Conservator of the Zoological Museum in the University of St. 

 Petersburg. 



Brandt's paleeontological writings relate to the fossil Mammalia. 

 The most important of these is entitled ' Untersuchungen iiber die 

 fossilen und subfossilen Cetaceen Europa's,' which gives a complete 

 account of all the European Cetacea which were known down to 

 1873, and includes descriptions of species of Cetotherium, Fachya- 

 canthus, CetotIierio]psis, CetotJieriomorplius^ DelpJiinajpterus, Hetero- 

 delphis^ JSchizodelphis, CJiampsodel^his, Squalodon, Zeuglodon, and 

 other remarkable types. Other important memoirs relate to Elas- 

 motherium, Dinotheriwn, BJiytina, and the Mammoth, Another 

 important monograph is devoted to the characters of the Sirenia and 

 their relations to various other orders ; and many and important con- 

 tributions were made by him to the knowledge of the osteology and 

 structure of various other groups of mammals. 



All Brandt's work is profound. His learning not only covers a 

 wide field, but is brought to bear on difiicult questions with singu- 

 lar concentration and ability. He has illuminated all that he has 

 laboured upon. And as a palaeontologist he will ever hold the 

 highest rank, from the circumstance that his palaeontological labours 

 were merely the outcome of natural-history labours unusually ex- 

 haustive and lucid, and that these studies, which occupied the 

 maturer years of his ]ife, were treated in no isolated way, but with 

 a full appreciation of their important bearing upon the higher phi- 

 losophical questions which are the chiefest ends of scientific work. 



