﻿METALLIC 
  ORNAMENTS 
  OF 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  INDIANS 
  9 
  

  

  The 
  Dutch 
  accounts 
  are 
  mainly 
  of 
  the 
  Algonquin 
  tribes 
  toward 
  

   the 
  sea. 
  In 
  the 
  interior 
  ornaments 
  at 
  first 
  differed. 
  The 
  Iroquois 
  

   had 
  very 
  few 
  shell 
  beads, 
  but 
  sometimes 
  used 
  perforated 
  fresh-water 
  

   shells 
  and 
  beads 
  of 
  colored 
  sticks. 
  Sweet 
  grass 
  was 
  tastefully 
  woven, 
  

   and 
  colored 
  porcupine 
  quills, 
  moose 
  and 
  deer 
  hair 
  were 
  used 
  in 
  

   embroidery. 
  There 
  were 
  a 
  few 
  bone 
  ornaments, 
  and 
  many 
  of 
  per- 
  

   forated 
  wood. 
  Feathers 
  were 
  everywhere 
  worn, 
  and 
  in 
  a 
  tasteful 
  

   way. 
  Skins 
  were 
  used 
  with 
  or 
  without 
  the 
  fur, 
  in 
  the 
  latter 
  case 
  

   being 
  finely 
  finished 
  and 
  adorned. 
  

  

  Father 
  Bruyas 
  gave 
  the 
  names 
  of 
  a 
  few 
  Mohawk 
  ornaments 
  used 
  

   in 
  the 
  latter 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  17th 
  century. 
  Asara 
  was 
  a 
  necklace 
  or 
  belt, 
  

   used 
  also 
  for 
  ornaments 
  put 
  around 
  the 
  forehead. 
  Garensa 
  was 
  a 
  

   string 
  of 
  glass 
  beads. 
  Gentare, 
  to 
  put 
  red 
  hair 
  about 
  the 
  neck. 
  

   Ennitiagon, 
  to 
  put 
  any 
  ornament 
  there. 
  Osa 
  was 
  a 
  robe, 
  and 
  Tsiosat 
  

   tsonnito, 
  a 
  robe 
  made 
  of 
  six 
  beaver 
  skins. 
  Atouannha 
  was 
  a 
  brace- 
  

   let; 
  for 
  these 
  they 
  always 
  wore, 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  significant 
  that 
  no 
  word 
  

   is 
  given 
  for 
  brooches. 
  Onnigensa 
  describes 
  the 
  hair 
  of 
  women 
  hang- 
  

   ing 
  down 
  behind, 
  it 
  being 
  the 
  custom 
  to 
  braid 
  it. 
  Gannonsen, 
  to 
  

   mark 
  on 
  the 
  body 
  with 
  the 
  point 
  of 
  a 
  needle, 
  is 
  the 
  only 
  allusion 
  to 
  

   tattooing, 
  though 
  this 
  was 
  frequently 
  done. 
  Gasire 
  was 
  a 
  covering 
  

   with 
  long 
  hair, 
  called 
  Iroquois 
  stuff. 
  Garisk 
  was 
  a 
  stocking, 
  and 
  

   Garisk 
  onwe 
  mittens. 
  There 
  are 
  also 
  names 
  for 
  shoes, 
  socks, 
  blan- 
  

   kets, 
  caps 
  and 
  suspenders. 
  

  

  Curler 
  (Corlaer) 
  recorded 
  a 
  few 
  words 
  of 
  this 
  nature 
  in 
  1635. 
  

   Assire 
  or 
  Oggaha 
  was 
  cloth; 
  Endathatste, 
  a 
  looking-glass; 
  Tiggere- 
  

   tait, 
  combs; 
  Dedaiawitha, 
  shirts; 
  and 
  he 
  obtained 
  other 
  names 
  for 
  

   beads, 
  wampum, 
  caps, 
  stockings 
  and 
  shoes. 
  They 
  had 
  already 
  

   European 
  articles 
  in 
  constant 
  use. 
  

  

  While 
  there 
  were 
  early 
  notices 
  of 
  copper 
  ornaments 
  along 
  the 
  

   Atlantic 
  coast, 
  Hudson 
  was 
  the 
  only 
  one 
  to 
  mention 
  them 
  as 
  occur- 
  

   ring 
  within 
  the 
  limits 
  of 
  New 
  York. 
  Native 
  copper 
  implements 
  

   have 
  often 
  been 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  interior 
  of 
  the 
  State, 
  but 
  early 
  metallic 
  

   ornaments 
  are 
  there 
  very 
  rare, 
  comprising 
  only 
  small 
  beads. 
  After 
  

   early 
  trade 
  or 
  colonization 
  commenced, 
  all 
  was 
  quickly 
  changed. 
  

   Copper 
  and 
  brass 
  arrows 
  replaced 
  those 
  of 
  flint, 
  and 
  steel 
  knives 
  

   those 
  of 
  stone. 
  Brass 
  kettles 
  were 
  lighter 
  and 
  stronger 
  than 
  those 
  

  

  