﻿86 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  views 
  of 
  the 
  writer, 
  and 
  will 
  be 
  gladly 
  received 
  by 
  those 
  fond 
  of.' 
  

   recondite 
  studies. 
  Of 
  fig. 
  92 
  she 
  says: 
  

  

  This 
  is 
  the 
  most 
  curious 
  and 
  ingenious 
  form. 
  I 
  have 
  never 
  seen 
  

   a 
  duplicate 
  of 
  this 
  brooch. 
  It 
  symbolizes 
  the 
  totems, 
  or 
  family 
  

   union 
  and 
  the 
  man, 
  including 
  the 
  story 
  of 
  their 
  warrior 
  ancestors,, 
  

   and 
  tells 
  the 
  story 
  of 
  the 
  union 
  of 
  the 
  Wolf 
  and 
  Bear. 
  The 
  upper 
  

   figurehead 
  represents 
  the 
  Bear. 
  The 
  lower, 
  the 
  Wolf, 
  united 
  by 
  

   a 
  human 
  face, 
  signifying 
  the 
  head 
  of 
  the 
  family. 
  The 
  figure 
  of 
  the 
  

   Wolf 
  terminates 
  in 
  the 
  war 
  club. 
  The 
  Bear 
  holds 
  the 
  war 
  club,, 
  

   and 
  the 
  pin 
  or 
  buckle 
  unites 
  the 
  two. 
  The 
  Bear 
  chief 
  had 
  married 
  

   the 
  Wolf 
  woman. 
  Both 
  descended 
  from 
  sachems 
  or 
  head 
  chiefs. 
  

   Fig. 
  99 
  represents 
  a 
  combination 
  of 
  the 
  great 
  Eagle, 
  guardian 
  of 
  

   the 
  dews 
  and 
  war, 
  or 
  sky 
  and 
  earth. 
  At 
  the 
  spread 
  of 
  the 
  tail 
  the 
  

   small 
  winged 
  symbols 
  indicate 
  his 
  duty 
  in 
  the 
  air. 
  The 
  flat 
  half 
  

   circles 
  tell 
  the 
  sign 
  of 
  his 
  earth 
  or 
  war 
  office. 
  The 
  simplest 
  brooch 
  

   is 
  not 
  an 
  accident 
  of 
  the 
  graver's 
  tool. 
  Each 
  stroke 
  is 
  a 
  symbol 
  in 
  

   hieroglyphs, 
  understood 
  by 
  the 
  expert 
  sign-reader. 
  Fig. 
  155 
  is 
  

   rare, 
  inasmuch 
  as 
  the 
  design 
  is 
  not 
  common. 
  It 
  is 
  the 
  symbol 
  of 
  

   the 
  warrior. 
  One 
  end 
  forms 
  the 
  tomahawk, 
  the 
  other 
  a 
  war 
  club. 
  

  

  Fig. 
  86 
  may 
  be 
  called 
  either 
  pyriform 
  or 
  cordate, 
  the 
  central 
  aper- 
  

   ture 
  being 
  the 
  latter, 
  while 
  the 
  opening 
  above 
  changes 
  the 
  general 
  

   design 
  to 
  the 
  pyriform. 
  There 
  are 
  basal 
  projections, 
  and 
  those 
  at 
  

   the 
  top 
  suggest 
  the 
  general 
  figure 
  of 
  a 
  crown. 
  The 
  surface 
  is 
  plain. 
  

   Mrs 
  Converse 
  considers 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  figures 
  above 
  the 
  cordate 
  

   forms 
  as 
  owls' 
  heads, 
  taking 
  these 
  for 
  emblems 
  of 
  silence 
  and 
  

   secrecy. 
  This 
  one 
  she 
  describes 
  as 
  a 
  " 
  heart. 
  Owl 
  defined 
  by 
  the 
  

   open 
  mouth 
  only. 
  Eyes 
  closed." 
  Fig. 
  87 
  she 
  calls 
  " 
  very 
  rare. 
  

   Finely 
  engraved." 
  The 
  writer 
  has 
  seen 
  but 
  one 
  resembling 
  this,, 
  

   and 
  that 
  was 
  by 
  no 
  means 
  as 
  elaborate 
  and 
  fine. 
  The 
  general 
  form 
  

   is 
  that 
  of 
  a 
  heart 
  with 
  a 
  coronet 
  above, 
  but 
  with 
  unusual 
  surface 
  

   decoration. 
  

  

  Fig. 
  95 
  is 
  another 
  unique 
  brooch, 
  with 
  several 
  half 
  circular 
  pro- 
  

   jections, 
  and 
  a 
  fanlike 
  ornament 
  above, 
  which 
  may 
  be 
  a 
  variation 
  

   of 
  the 
  more 
  common 
  form 
  of 
  the 
  'crown, 
  surmounting 
  the 
  open 
  

   heart 
  below. 
  This 
  general 
  plan 
  appears 
  in 
  very 
  many 
  brooches, 
  

   with 
  endless 
  changes. 
  Mrs 
  Converse 
  thought, 
  this 
  " 
  represents 
  the 
  

   flaring 
  tail 
  of 
  a 
  bird, 
  yet 
  the 
  heart 
  is 
  on 
  guard 
  in 
  the 
  center. 
  Evi- 
  

   dently 
  a 
  totem 
  bird." 
  Fig. 
  100 
  is 
  also 
  unique. 
  Both 
  heart 
  and 
  

  

  