﻿140 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  the 
  log 
  house 
  for 
  more 
  than 
  a 
  century. 
  The 
  fires 
  were 
  placed 
  

   at 
  intervals 
  in 
  the 
  long 
  aisle, 
  with 
  couches 
  or 
  floors 
  on 
  either 
  side, 
  

   these 
  huts 
  often 
  being 
  of 
  great 
  length 
  and 
  holding 
  many 
  families. 
  

  

  Their 
  weapons 
  w 
  r 
  ere 
  simple 
  at 
  first. 
  An 
  ungrooved 
  stone 
  ax, 
  

   a 
  long 
  bow 
  and 
  arrows, 
  defensive 
  armor 
  including 
  a 
  shield 
  at 
  

   times, 
  a 
  club 
  with 
  bone 
  or 
  stone 
  inserted 
  at 
  the 
  head, 
  a 
  knife 
  of 
  

   stone 
  or 
  bone 
  and 
  afterward 
  of 
  steel, 
  furnished 
  all 
  that 
  was 
  

   needed 
  in 
  war. 
  Nets 
  and 
  bone 
  harpoons 
  were 
  used 
  in 
  fishing, 
  

   and 
  more 
  rarely 
  lines 
  with 
  bone 
  hooks. 
  Weirs 
  and 
  hurdles 
  were 
  

   also 
  employed, 
  but 
  in 
  shallow 
  waters 
  spearing 
  was 
  the 
  favorite 
  

   mode. 
  Arrows 
  were 
  tipped 
  with 
  bone, 
  horn, 
  or 
  stone, 
  and 
  the 
  

   use 
  of 
  metal 
  changed 
  the 
  material 
  but 
  not 
  the 
  form. 
  Blowguns 
  

   were 
  largely 
  used. 
  

  

  Baskets 
  and 
  mats 
  were 
  woven 
  in 
  an 
  artistic 
  manner, 
  and 
  weav- 
  

   ing 
  embraced 
  other 
  simple 
  articles. 
  Thread 
  and 
  cords 
  were 
  made 
  

   of 
  Indian 
  hemp 
  and 
  the 
  inner 
  bark 
  of 
  the 
  elm, 
  sinews 
  also 
  being 
  

   used 
  for 
  many 
  things. 
  Baskets, 
  bark 
  vessels 
  and 
  carved 
  wooden 
  

   bowls 
  were 
  found 
  in 
  every 
  house, 
  and 
  every 
  Iroquois 
  had 
  his 
  

   capacious 
  and 
  often 
  handsome 
  wooden 
  spoon. 
  At 
  the 
  period 
  of 
  

   European 
  contact 
  pottery 
  had 
  gone 
  beyond 
  simple 
  lining, 
  pinch- 
  

   ing 
  and 
  dotting, 
  and 
  many 
  clay 
  vessels 
  were 
  ornamented 
  with 
  

   the 
  human 
  face 
  or 
  figure. 
  According 
  to 
  the 
  maker's 
  taste 
  or 
  skill, 
  

   such 
  vessels 
  were 
  rude 
  or 
  elegant. 
  This 
  is 
  true 
  of 
  the 
  early 
  pipes, 
  

   in 
  which 
  the 
  Iroquois 
  chiefly 
  used 
  fine 
  clay. 
  They 
  were 
  often 
  

   simple 
  and 
  of 
  a 
  curved 
  trumpet 
  form, 
  but 
  as 
  frequently 
  the 
  bowl 
  

   had 
  some 
  tasteful 
  figure, 
  facing 
  the 
  smoker. 
  Sometimes 
  the 
  pipe 
  

   was 
  ornamented 
  throughout. 
  

  

  The 
  true 
  Iroquois 
  canoe 
  was 
  of 
  elm 
  bark, 
  quite 
  clumsy 
  in 
  com- 
  

   parison 
  with 
  the 
  graceful 
  birch 
  bark 
  of 
  the 
  northern 
  Algonquins 
  

   and 
  Hurons. 
  On 
  the 
  Mohawk 
  river 
  dugouts 
  were 
  sometimes 
  

   used. 
  Snowshoes 
  aided 
  winter 
  travel, 
  and 
  the 
  back 
  frame 
  was 
  in 
  

   favor 
  for 
  carrying 
  some 
  burdens. 
  The 
  sled 
  was 
  rarely 
  used. 
  

  

  Dress 
  was 
  scanty 
  in 
  summer, 
  but 
  ample 
  in 
  winter, 
  and 
  had 
  the 
  

   usual 
  ornaments 
  of 
  feathers, 
  beads 
  or 
  embroidery. 
  Perforated 
  

   or 
  grooved 
  teeth 
  were 
  much 
  used, 
  and 
  the 
  introduction 
  of 
  bronze 
  

   and 
  silver, 
  with 
  the 
  white 
  man's 
  blanket, 
  greatly 
  changed 
  primi- 
  

  

  