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  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  others, 
  but 
  more 
  like 
  that 
  of 
  our 
  territories. 
  Except 
  by 
  courtesy 
  

   they 
  have 
  no 
  votes, 
  nor 
  had 
  they 
  any 
  title 
  to 
  the 
  lands 
  on 
  which 
  

   they 
  lived 
  till 
  they 
  secured 
  their 
  present 
  reservation. 
  Their 
  

   council 
  name 
  is 
  Tu-hah-te-ehn-yah-wah-kou, 
  Those 
  who 
  em- 
  

   brace 
  the 
  Great 
  Tree; 
  perhaps 
  because 
  the 
  Oneidas 
  received 
  

   them. 
  The 
  Indian 
  idea 
  is 
  that 
  the 
  Five 
  Nations 
  are 
  the 
  house, 
  

   the 
  Tuscaroras 
  like 
  a 
  woodhouse, 
  built 
  outside 
  but 
  attached. 
  

  

  In 
  describing 
  their 
  symbols 
  in 
  1736, 
  the 
  Onondaga 
  device 
  was 
  

   a 
  cabin 
  on 
  top 
  of 
  a 
  hill, 
  the 
  Mohawk 
  a 
  flint 
  and 
  steel, 
  the 
  Oneida 
  

   a 
  stone 
  in 
  the 
  fork 
  of 
  a 
  tree, 
  the 
  Cayuga 
  a 
  great 
  pipe, 
  and 
  the 
  

   Seneca 
  a 
  mountain. 
  Charlevoix 
  made 
  a 
  curious 
  but 
  not 
  surpris- 
  

   ing 
  mistake 
  in 
  these 
  signatures 
  as 
  made 
  in 
  1700. 
  Indian 
  draw- 
  

   ing 
  is 
  not 
  yet 
  artistic, 
  and 
  he 
  said, 
  " 
  The 
  savages 
  signed, 
  each 
  

   one 
  putting 
  the 
  mark 
  of 
  his 
  nation 
  at 
  the 
  foot 
  of 
  the 
  treaty. 
  The 
  

   Onondagas 
  and 
  Tsonnontouans 
  traced 
  a 
  spider, 
  the 
  Goyogouins 
  

   a 
  calumet, 
  etc." 
  The 
  former 
  were 
  hills. 
  

  

  The 
  relationship 
  of 
  the 
  nations 
  has 
  sometimes 
  changed, 
  but 
  at 
  

   present 
  the 
  Mohawks, 
  Onondagas 
  and 
  Senecas 
  are 
  the 
  elder 
  

   brothers 
  ; 
  the 
  Oneidas, 
  Cayugas 
  and 
  Tuscaroras 
  the 
  younger. 
  

   Pyrlaeus 
  said 
  that 
  at 
  first 
  the 
  Mohawks 
  were 
  the 
  elder 
  brother, 
  

   the 
  Oneidas 
  eldest 
  son, 
  and 
  the 
  Senecas 
  youngest 
  son. 
  Then 
  the 
  

   Tuscaroras 
  became 
  youngest 
  son. 
  The 
  Mohawks 
  were 
  always 
  

   considered 
  the 
  oldest 
  brother, 
  and 
  the 
  present 
  arrangement 
  is 
  at 
  

   least 
  150 
  years 
  old. 
  When 
  chiefs 
  die 
  or 
  are 
  to 
  be 
  raised 
  in 
  either 
  

   of 
  these, 
  the 
  opposite 
  brotherhood 
  takes 
  charge 
  of 
  all 
  the 
  cere- 
  

   monies 
  and 
  installs 
  the 
  new 
  chiefs. 
  In 
  Canada 
  now, 
  where 
  every 
  

   nation 
  and 
  chief 
  corresponds 
  to 
  those 
  in 
  New 
  York, 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  

   difference 
  in 
  voting. 
  The 
  older 
  and 
  younger 
  brothers 
  separately 
  

   determine 
  what 
  their 
  vote 
  shall 
  be, 
  and, 
  if 
  they 
  disagree, 
  the 
  

   Onondagas, 
  as 
  fire-keepers, 
  have 
  the 
  casting 
  vote. 
  In 
  this 
  case 
  

   the 
  Onondagas 
  sit 
  in 
  the 
  center 
  of 
  the 
  council 
  house, 
  and 
  the 
  

   representatives 
  of 
  the 
  two 
  brotherhoods 
  are 
  on 
  opposite 
  sides. 
  

   Each 
  announces 
  its 
  vote, 
  and 
  the 
  fire-keepers 
  do 
  the 
  same. 
  The 
  

   latter 
  are 
  supposed 
  to 
  kindle 
  and 
  cover 
  the 
  fire. 
  There 
  is 
  a 
  

   similar 
  division 
  of 
  clans 
  for 
  games 
  and 
  feasts. 
  

  

  The 
  names 
  by 
  which 
  the 
  league 
  was 
  called 
  are 
  less 
  than 
  some 
  

  

  