294 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [May 12, 



This order of succession I had abeady determined when my atten- 

 tion was directed to the paper before mentioned, on the geology 

 of the country near Eipon, by the Eev. John Stanley Tute ; the 

 following is the series further north as drawn out by him : — 



Eed grit of Knaresborough, South Stainley, and Scarab, capping 

 *' most of the hills eastward as far as Pateley, and the lower beds of 

 which form the Brimham Eocks." 



Cayton-Gill beds, consisting of three beds beneath the red grit. 

 " The uppermost consists of thin flags full of the remains of Encri- 

 nites. The second abounds with the casts of Brachiopoda and 

 other organic remains. The lowest is an exceedingly hard and fine 

 sandstone, mottled with carbonaceous markings." 



*^ Arenaceous flags and coal-measures; immediately below these 

 last beds is a series of shales, flags, and sandstones, of considerable 

 thickness, all more or less stained with iron." 



The succession of the Cayton-Gill beds below the red grit seemed 

 to me at once to agree with what I had found near Spofforth; and 

 soon after, in company with Mr. Aveline and Mr. Green, I visited 

 these beds north of Eipley ; and here we found, as round Spofforth, 

 the first and second beds of red grit, followed by the shell-bed, and 

 this again by the hard Pollifoot grit. I afterwards found precisely 

 the same succession just north of Harrogate, the red grit of Knox 

 Farm and Killinghall being succeeded by a hard sandstone containing 

 Encrinites and Brachiopods, striking east and west, with a northerly 

 dip from Four Lane Ends to Saltergate Hill, and having the hard 

 white Follifoot grit dipping regularly under it. During a hurried 

 visit I paid to the celebrated Brimham Eocks, I found on the flanks 

 of the hiU below them both the shell-bed and the hard white grit 

 cropping out, thus confirming in my mind the conclusion at which 

 the Eev. Stanley Tute had arrived as to the crags being formed of the 

 lower parts of the Plumpton grit — though here, be it observed, the pe- 

 culiar red and purple tint is absent. If, now, we sum up the evidence 

 both for and against the Permian age of these red beds, we find — ■ 



Against this age : — 



1. Their similarity in structure to millstone -grit beds proper, and 

 their complete dissimilarity to beds of supposed Eothliegende age 

 elsewhere in England, 



2. Their occurrence only in a millstone-grit area. 



3. The unconformity of the overlying magnesian limestone to 

 these beds. 



4. Their complete conformity to the underlying undoubted mill- 

 stone-grit rocks. 



5. Their containing apparently similar plants to the ordinary 

 millstone -grit beds. 



6. Their being of a red colour, as is by no means uncommon in 

 grits of the millstone-grit series. 



For tJieir Permian age : — 



1. Their likeness to certain German Eothliegende conglomerates. 



2. Their purplish tint in parts — the colour of many shales and 



