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PKOCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [June 23, 



SO, I shall merely quote from my notes. At the east end of the sec- 

 tion, and near to the railway- station I unexpectedly found real pinel 

 in a deep side -cutting. Its surface was uneven, as if it had been 

 denuded. In one place the sand and fine shingle had found their 

 way through a narrow opening down into a cavity in the pinel. A 

 little further west the pinel gives place to sand and gravel, as in 

 Above the section represented in fig. 5 there is a 



%. 5. 



great 



Fig. 5. Section near Ulver stone. 





A. Coarse gravel (lower part of middle drift). B. Pinel graduating into 

 a bed of small pebbles with patches of sand, C. D. Yellowish-brown loam 

 graduating into a thin pebble-bed eastwards. E. Bed of fine dark sand more 

 or less laminated, depth unknown. 



thickness of coarse and fine sand, coarse and fine gravel, and cleanly 

 washed pebble-beds. Interstratification of coarse and fine materials, 

 oblique lamination, and false-bedding are common. The beds are 

 very much contorted, scarcely a layer being horizontal, many dip- 

 ping at an angle of 45°, and some even at a higher angle. One 

 boulder in the middle drift measured about 10 x 4 x 5 feet. It was 

 quite angular and not striated, in this respect differing from the 

 more or less rounded and striated boulders of the pinel. At the west 

 end of the railway cutting, where the ground falls, a bed of 

 pinel about 3 feet thick rises nearly to the surface. It is covered 

 with ochreous stony earth, and underlain by irregular layers of sand. 

 Further east the pinel splits into two beds, one running up, another 

 down, with a wedge of sand between. The upper bed graduates into 

 a fine sandy loam with patches of pebbles ;- the under bed dips be- 

 neath the level of the railway and is lost. About the middle of the 

 cutting there are several thick beds of sand and gravel. One of the 

 latter, about 20 feet thick, consists of an unstratified mass of stones 

 firmly compacted. It seems to differ from pinel only in the stones 

 having a matrix of sand instead of clay, in their being more rounded, 

 and in their not being striated. So far as the complicated pheno- 

 mena presented by the Ulverstone railway-section furnish indications 

 of origin, I think that while the middle drift was accumulated by 

 almost purely marine agency *, the pinel implies nothing further 

 than glacial-marine conditions. 



/. Contorted Sand and Gravel in other parts of the Furness Peninsula. 

 — Sand and gravel more or less contorted may be found running from 



^ Not quite, as the transported blocks and contorted stratification can only 

 be explained by floating and stranding ice. 



