8 GEOLOGICAL MEMOIKS. 



several other forms peculiar to strata of less remote age. In one 

 place near Lublau forms from the Klaus-strata are found exclu- 

 sively characterizing the lowermost beds of the red Crinoidal lime- 

 stone next to the white limestone. The dark-red nodular limestones 

 of Czorstyn include in their upper horizon a fauna similar to that of 

 the Acanthicus-stratsi, and in their inferior one Terehratula dijjTiya 

 and genuine Tithonian Ammonites. The species found in them 

 are : — 



Ammonites compsns, 0pp. 

 **— — iphicerus, Opp. 



torti-sulcatus, d' Orb. 



* Kocbi, 0pp. 



* Calypso, d'Orh. 



** Ruppelensis, d'Orb. 



** Oegir, Opp. 



Ammonites isotypus, Ben. 



* quadrisulcatus, d' Orb, 



montanus, Opp. 



Achilles, d' Orb. 



lioplizus, Opp. 



Aptycbus lamellosus. 

 Ecliinoderms. 



The species marked * are Tithonian ones, those marked * * are cha- 

 racteristic of AcantMcus-strditQi. The Eogoznik strata include nu- 

 merous Erachiopods, among which are Terebimtala dijphya, Col., of 

 unusual size, and T. Bouei, Zeuschn., together with various Cephalo- 

 pods, such as Ammonites caracJitheis, Zeuschn,, A. incultus, Opp. (non 

 Beyrich), A. rasilis, Opp., A. llogoznicensis, Zeuschn., A. Stasiczi, 

 Zeuschn., and an undoubtedly Tithonian flexuose form standing next 

 to A. Gompsus. Further west clear flesh-coloured limestones with 

 A. semisulcatus, d'Orb., A. Calypso, d'Orb., A. senex, Opp., &c., 

 appear as the probable equivalents of the genuine Eogoznik breccias. 

 The limestones of Czorstyn include A. acanthicus, several other forms 

 of the subdivisions Fimbriati and Planulati, and a probably new 

 species, flattened, much involute, with a broad triangular back, and 

 its sides adorned with a great number of sharp, much curved, and 

 frequently dichotomizing ribs. The presence of A. alternans in the 

 red Crinoidal limestone seems to indicate this deposit to be equivalent 

 to the Bath, Kelloway, and lowermost Oxford strata. [Count M.] 



Marine Shells found in the Sands of the Deseet of the Kara-kum. 



By G. von Helmeksen. 



[Proceed. Imp. Acad. St. Petersburg, March 5, 1868.] 



The sand investigated by the author contained well-preserved 

 specimens of Cardium edule and Dreissena polymorpha, both of which 

 still live in the Aral and Caspian Seas. The shells, especially those 

 of Dreisseyia, are remarkable for their small size. The occurrence 

 of these shells near Ssapak, from which place part of the sand was 

 brought, indicates the former extension of the Aral Sea to a distance 

 of 30 worsts to the east of its present limits ; and the author ex- 

 presses his belief that the entire country from the Aral to the 

 lakes Telekulj-Ata and Karakulj, and beyond these up the Eiver 

 Tschu to the sandv deserts of Majun-kum and Akkum, is an old 

 sea-bottom. " [W. S. D.] 



