﻿SKELETON. 
  37 
  

  

  genera. 
  The 
  body 
  is 
  broad 
  with 
  well-developed, 
  

   sometimes 
  ossified 
  postero-lateral, 
  but 
  no 
  anterior, 
  

   processes 
  in 
  the 
  Discoglossidse 
  (Fig. 
  12, 
  d, 
  p. 
  34) 
  ; 
  

   with 
  anterior 
  processes 
  and 
  short 
  postero-lateral 
  

   ones 
  in 
  the 
  Pelobaticlce 
  and 
  Bana 
  (Fig. 
  14) 
  ; 
  elongate 
  

  

  Mandible 
  and 
  hyoid 
  of 
  Bana 
  esculenta, 
  lower 
  view. 
  

   ang. 
  Angular. 
  1 
  pi. 
  Lateral 
  process 
  of 
  hyoid. 
  

  

  c. 
  Cornu 
  of 
  liyoid. 
  \ 
  PP^- 
  Postero-lateral 
  process 
  of 
  hyoid. 
  

  

  d, 
  Dentary. 
  j 
  pth. 
  Thyroid 
  process 
  of 
  liyoid. 
  

  

  pa. 
  Anterior 
  process 
  of 
  liyoid. 
  I 
  sy. 
  Symphysial 
  (mento-Meckelian). 
  

  

  and 
  without 
  anterior 
  processes 
  in 
  Bufo. 
  In 
  Pelodytes 
  

   and 
  Pelobates 
  the 
  anterior 
  processes 
  are 
  much 
  expanded, 
  

   converge 
  towards 
  each 
  other, 
  and 
  join 
  the 
  lateral 
  pro- 
  

   cesses, 
  enclosing 
  a 
  fenestra 
  on 
  each 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  hyoid 
  

   plate. 
  The 
  cornua 
  are 
  broad 
  in 
  the 
  Discoglossidse, 
  

   moderately 
  broad 
  in 
  Bufo, 
  slender 
  in 
  Rana; 
  they 
  are 
  

   detached 
  from 
  the 
  body 
  of 
  the 
  hyoid 
  in 
  the 
  Pelohatidse. 
  

   The 
  thyroid 
  processes 
  are 
  always 
  ossified, 
  and 
  form 
  a 
  

   pair 
  of 
  diverging 
  styles, 
  in 
  front 
  of 
  which, 
  on 
  the 
  

   ventral 
  side, 
  a 
  slender, 
  single 
  or 
  paired, 
  V- 
  or 
  H-shaped 
  

   ossification 
  may 
  be 
  present, 
  as 
  in 
  Discoglossus, 
  Alytes, 
  

   and 
  Pelodytes 
  (Fig. 
  12, 
  d, 
  p. 
  34). 
  

  

  The 
  vertebral 
  column 
  (Fig. 
  15) 
  is 
  formed 
  normally 
  

   of 
  ten 
  segments, 
  viz. 
  eight 
  dorsal 
  vertebrgo, 
  one 
  sacral, 
  

   and 
  the 
  urostyle 
  or 
  coccyx, 
  — 
  or 
  of 
  nine 
  if 
  the 
  urostyle 
  

   be 
  fused 
  with 
  the 
  ninth 
  vertebra, 
  as 
  is 
  frequent 
  in 
  

   Pelobates. 
  

  

  The 
  vertebras 
  are 
  much 
  depressed, 
  especially 
  the 
  

  

  