﻿12 
  

  

  INTROIDUOTION. 
  

  

  acts 
  as 
  an 
  organ 
  of 
  prehension 
  in 
  most 
  tailless 
  Batra- 
  

   chians 
  ; 
  in 
  the 
  Disco 
  glossidde, 
  however, 
  as 
  in 
  the 
  

   newts 
  and 
  salamanders, 
  the 
  tongue 
  is 
  entirely 
  or 
  

   nearly 
  entirely 
  adherent 
  to 
  the 
  floor 
  of 
  the 
  mouth, 
  

   and 
  the 
  prey 
  is 
  seized 
  by 
  the 
  jaws. 
  The 
  tongue 
  

   serves 
  also 
  as 
  an 
  organ 
  of 
  taste, 
  for 
  although 
  frogs 
  

   seize 
  almost 
  any 
  moving 
  object, 
  they 
  will 
  reject 
  

   before 
  deglutition 
  anything 
  that 
  is 
  noxious 
  to 
  them, 
  

   as 
  may 
  be 
  witnessed 
  on 
  offering 
  a 
  frog 
  a 
  brandling 
  

   or 
  manure- 
  worm 
  (AllolohojjJiora 
  foetida), 
  a 
  ladybird 
  

   beetle, 
  or 
  a 
  young 
  Bomhinator. 
  Before 
  being 
  swal- 
  

   lowed, 
  the 
  food, 
  if 
  it 
  be 
  a 
  small 
  mollusc, 
  crustacean, 
  

   or 
  hard 
  beetle, 
  is 
  crushed 
  between 
  the 
  tongue, 
  the 
  

   depressed 
  eyeballs, 
  and 
  the 
  vomerine 
  teeth 
  ; 
  if 
  the 
  

   latter 
  be 
  absent, 
  as 
  in 
  Bufo, 
  the 
  sharp, 
  sometimes 
  

  

  Fig. 
  3. 
  

  

  D 
  

  

  Open 
  mouths 
  of 
  — 
  A. 
  Discoglossus 
  pictiis. 
  B. 
  Biifo 
  calaniita. 
  c. 
  Hijla 
  

   arhorea. 
  D. 
  Mana 
  tenvporaria. 
  Showing 
  the 
  shape 
  of 
  the 
  tongue 
  

   and 
  the 
  disposition 
  of 
  the 
  choanse, 
  Eustachian 
  tubes, 
  and 
  vomerine 
  

  

  teeth. 
  

  

  serrated 
  edge 
  of 
  the 
  palatine 
  bones 
  supplies 
  their 
  

   function. 
  The 
  tongue 
  is 
  circular 
  and 
  entire 
  in 
  the 
  

  

  