﻿GEOGRAPHICAL 
  DISTRIBUTION. 
  115 
  

  

  Xy. 
  Geographical 
  Distribution. 
  

  

  The 
  Western 
  Palaearctic 
  sub-region, 
  to 
  which 
  Europe, 
  

   togetlier 
  with 
  South-western 
  Asia 
  north 
  of 
  the 
  30th 
  

   parallel, 
  and 
  Africa 
  north 
  of 
  the 
  Sahara, 
  belongs, 
  is 
  

   characterised 
  by 
  the 
  development 
  of 
  the 
  Discoglossiclx 
  

   and 
  Felohatidse, 
  the 
  former 
  family 
  being 
  represented 
  

   outside 
  its 
  limits 
  by 
  a 
  single 
  species 
  in 
  Manchuria, 
  

   Corea, 
  and 
  Northern 
  China 
  (Bomhinator 
  orientalis), 
  

   and 
  another 
  {LioiDelma 
  hochstetteri) 
  in 
  New 
  Zealand, 
  

   of 
  which 
  it 
  is 
  the 
  only 
  Batrachian 
  representative 
  ; 
  

   whilst 
  the 
  latter, 
  absent 
  from 
  the 
  Eastern 
  Palagarctic 
  

   sub-region, 
  is 
  again 
  abundant 
  in 
  Southern 
  China, 
  the 
  

   Eastern 
  Himalayas, 
  Further 
  India, 
  the 
  Malay 
  Archi- 
  

   pelago 
  and 
  Papuasia, 
  North 
  America, 
  and 
  Mexico. 
  

  

  The 
  Bufoniclse, 
  Hyliclge, 
  and 
  Banidds, 
  of 
  each 
  of 
  

   which 
  the 
  type 
  genus 
  is 
  represented 
  in 
  Europe, 
  are 
  

   families 
  of 
  very 
  extensive 
  distribution. 
  The 
  first 
  is 
  

   found 
  all 
  over 
  the 
  world 
  except 
  in 
  Madagascar 
  and 
  

   Australia; 
  the 
  second 
  is 
  absent 
  from 
  Africa 
  south 
  of 
  

   the 
  Sahara, 
  Madagascar, 
  India, 
  and 
  the 
  Malay 
  Penin- 
  

   sula 
  and 
  Archipelago 
  w^est 
  of 
  the 
  Moluccas 
  and 
  

   Sumba; 
  and 
  the 
  third 
  is 
  absent 
  from 
  Australia 
  (with 
  

   the 
  exception 
  of 
  a 
  single 
  Papuan 
  species 
  found 
  at 
  

   Cape 
  York) 
  and 
  the 
  greater 
  part 
  of 
  South 
  America. 
  

  

  Five 
  species 
  have 
  a 
  very 
  wide 
  range 
  in 
  the 
  Paige- 
  

   arctic 
  region. 
  Three 
  extend 
  from 
  Western 
  Europe 
  

   and 
  North 
  Africa 
  to 
  China 
  and 
  Japan, 
  viz. 
  Bufo 
  vul- 
  

   garis, 
  Hyla 
  arhorea, 
  Bana 
  esculenta 
  ; 
  Bana 
  temporaria 
  

   ranges 
  from 
  Western 
  Europe 
  to 
  the 
  Pacific 
  coast 
  of 
  

   Northern 
  Asia 
  and 
  Yesso, 
  and 
  Bnfo 
  viridis 
  from 
  the 
  

   Rhine 
  and 
  Alps, 
  and 
  North-v^est 
  Africa 
  to 
  Mongolia, 
  

   Western 
  China, 
  and 
  the 
  Himalayas. 
  

  

  Of 
  the 
  species 
  which 
  are 
  known 
  to 
  inhabit 
  more 
  

   than 
  one 
  country, 
  three 
  may 
  be 
  regarded 
  as 
  strictly 
  

   Western, 
  viz. 
  Discoglossus 
  pictus, 
  Felodytes 
  pundatus, 
  

   and 
  Felohates 
  cuUripes. 
  Bufo 
  calamita 
  and 
  Alytes 
  

   ohstetricans 
  may 
  also 
  be 
  described 
  as 
  Western 
  forms, 
  

  

  