148 



THE FUR SEALS OF THE PRIBILOF ISLANDS. 



1859, Ascaris halichoris Baihd, Proc. Zool. Soc. Loudon, Part XXVK, pp. 148, 149, pL LVI, figs. 2-2c. — 

 Reprinted without figures, Haiud, 1860, Aun. Nat. Hist., 3 s.er., V, No. 28, April, pp. 329- 

 331.— DiKsiNG, 1860, Sitzungsber. k. Akad. Wiss. Wien., XLH (1860), No. 28, p. 662.— Von 

 LiNSTOw, 1878, Compendium der Helmintbologie, p. 59. — C. Parona, 1889, Aun. Mus. civico, 

 Storia nat. Geuova, 2 ser., VII (XXVII), 10 Oct , pp. 751-761, figs. 1-3, pi. xiii, figs. 1-16.— 

 Stossicii, 1896, lioll. Soc. adriatica Sci. uat. Trieste, XVII, p. 68. 



Diagnosis. — Intermediate lips and lateral cervical alae absent; lips of nearly equal size, dorsal 

 lip slightly broader than veutro-lateral lips; dentigerous ridge?; body attenuated toward both 

 extremities; cuticle with fine transverse striae; intestinal caec im 11""" long, arises about 17"'"' from 

 mouth, and extends cei)halad parallel to oesophagus. 



Male: 85 to 115'""' long; tail in a spiral; caudal ]>apillae symmetrical, one pair postanal, near the 

 cloaca, four pairs praeaual ; spicules very short. 



Female: 85 to 144'""' long, with maxinm diameter of 3.5'"'"; vulva about two-thirds the length 

 from the anterior extremity (Baird), one-third the length from the anterior extremity (Parona) ; eggs 

 segment to morula in the uterus. 



Types: In British Museum. 



Habitat: Stomach of Dugongs. 



Host. 



Locality. 



Collector. i Authority. 



r>ugon<j dugon 





1 

 Owen Owen 18;i8 ]> 30. 



Ked Sea 



Riippell haird.1859, pji, 148,149. 



Kaga/.zi j I'aroua, 1889. 



Dugong dtigon , 



Ansab. . ............... 





Historical review. — Accortling to Baird (1859, p. 148), Professor Oweu in 

 1831 prepared a specimen of an AHcaris from the stomach of a Dugong, and deposited 

 the same in the museum of the College of Surgeons, London; Baird also refers to the 

 Catalogue of the Pliysiological Series of Comparative Anatomy, which was pub- 

 lished by the college in 1833, in a way which leads the reader to assume that Owen 

 named the species Ancaris halicoris. This catalogue is not at our disposal, but as 

 Baird adds (IS.IO, p. 149) that ''.L.sxvu/a' lutlicoris, though named long ago, has never 

 been fully described or hgured,'Mt may safely be assumed that Owen's name was a 

 nomen nudum,Sbnd hence not entitled to further consideration. 



Riil)pell, according to Baird, "found tlie same species of worm in the stomach of 

 the same species of animal. He very briefly notices this in describing a 1 )ugong which 

 he found in the Red Sea," but merely mentions that the entozoa '-were found in a 

 clustered glandular apparatus in tlu; stomach and were n inches long." His descrip- 

 tion of the Dugong was sent in a letter to Dr. Siimmering, and is dated from the island 

 of Dahalac, on the Abyssinian coast of the Ked Sea, in the mouth of January, 1832. 

 This ])aper was published in the first volume of the Museum Senckenbergianum, in 

 1834.'' 



Owen (1S3S, ]).;5()), in discussing the stomach of the Dugong, refers to his speci- 

 mens with the sentcn(;e: "And in each case the gland was infested by Ascaridcs, here- 

 after to be described, which left impressions upon the si)iral membrane." 



Owen (1S3!), \). 136) again refers to this ])arasite, in discussing the accessory- 

 glands of the digestive system of entozoa, as follows: 



The second example of an accessory digestive gland occurs in a species of .Iscaris infesting the 

 stomach of the I )ugong. Here a single (dongated eaecnni is (lev(do|)ed from the intestine at a distance 

 of half an inch IVom the mouth, and is coiitinued upward, lying by the side of the l)eginning of the 

 intestine, with its blind extremity close to tiie month; from the position where the secretion of this 

 caecum enters the intestine, it may be regarded as representing arudimental liver. (See the Prepara- 

 tion, No. 42yA, Mus. Coll. Surgeons, Phys. Catalogue, p. 121.) 



