THE BIRDS OF THE PRIBILOF ISLANDS. 



409 



KEY TO THE SPECIES, HUEEDING PLUMAGE. 



With chestnut above, feet redilisb, thro.it white- 



Large, wing usually more than 6.00. Black .above 

 predomiu.ant, with little clove brown, feet ver- 

 milion interpres. 



Smaller, wing nearly always less than 6 00 Chest- 

 nut above predominant, with much clove browu, 

 feet orange red morinella. 



Without chestnut above, feet blackish, throat dark melanocephala. 



54. Arenaria interpres (Linn.}. The Turnstone. " Krass-nie ko-lits-kie." 

 Strepsilas coUaris, Coinde, Rev. et Mag. Zool., 1860, 400. 



Strepsilas interpres, DAi.t. and Bannister, Trans. Chic. Ac. Sci., I, 1869, 290.— Coues, in 

 Elliott's Ept. Aff. Alaska, 1873; Reprint, 1875, 180; Key, 1890, 605 (part).— Elliott, Mon. 

 Seal Ids., Alaska, 1882, 129; Ibis, 1882, 478. 

 Arenaria interpres. Nelson, Nat. Hist. Alaska, 1887, 128. — Ridgway, Man. 1887, 180 (part).— 

 Sharpk, Cat. B., Brit. Mus. XXIV, 1896, 92 (part).— A. O. U. Ch. List, 189.5, 103 (part). 



Adult $ , breeding plumage. — Interscapular, glossy black, slightly greenish, medially 

 divided by a narrow line of chestnut; scapulars, anteriorly chestnut, longer feathers 

 glossy greenish black, irregularly tipped and notched with chestnut and occasionally 

 with whitish; body, white; lower back, blackish; breast, extensively black and 

 extending forward, nearly encircling the neck with a broad band margined with 

 white, a narrower line reaching the base of the lower mandible and margining the 

 white throat, another, but broader, black line extending from the center of this last 

 and encircling the eye, but mostly in front, from whence a branch runs forward to the 

 center of the base of the bill; head and neck otherwise white, somewhat streaked 

 down the upper heck with dusky and heavily and distinctly streaked on the pileum 

 with black with slight rufous edgings; a black blotch on the sides of the base of the 

 head behind eye ; flight feathers, dark olive brown lightening to white on the lower 

 portions, the dark color simply as a blotch near the tips of the innermost secondaries; 

 shafts white, browning toward bases; tertials whitish toward bases, their greater 

 length very dark olive, nearly black, variously tipped and indented with chestnut and 

 whitish; lesser wing coverts, dusky olive mixed with black and white; median coverts, 

 chestnut with extensive black centers; long coverts, chestnut broadly banded with 

 black; tail, white, irregularly and broadly banded toward tip with blackish; tail 

 coverts, white; legs and feet, vermilion, joints darkish; bill, black with reddish spot 

 near base of lower mandible. 



Adult 9 , breeding plumage. — Similar in i)attern to the (?, but larger, with white of 

 head and neck more obscured with dusky and spotting; but little or no chestnut on 

 wings; chestnut si^otted all over back near tips of the feathers, and strongly so on 

 front part of scapulars, otherwise nearly as black as the males. 



Immature $ , first plumage. — Pattern of coloration as in adult, but generally 

 obscured or less defined, especially about the head and neck. Above, dark dusky 

 brown, each feather margined with sandy buff or rufous, on the wings with deeper 

 rufous, on the head and neck with paler brown or buff. Breast patch obscured by 

 pale rufous and white tips to the feathers. Tail white, with subterminal band of 

 blackish, which narrows toward outside feathers, each feather irregularly clouded at 

 tips with rusty, especially the central ones. Throat white, somewhat sharply bor- 



