514 



THE FUR SEALS OF THE PRIHII.OF ISLANDS. 



ffJ'C. 



through the test. The "anterior nervous tubercle" (dorsal tubercle) iu MacLeay's 

 species is said to have "mauy spirals." These are undoubtedly the hypophysis mouth, 

 which in our si^ecies, as shown by the description, is horseshoe shaped. 



The ''pharynx" of 7). (jlandaria is described, as being situated "at the bottom of 

 the body cavity." By the "pharynx" is here evidently meant tlie entrance to the 

 oesophagus; and this opening in our species, it will be observed, is on the dorsal side 

 of the branchial sac. (Fig. 3, o. ce.) 



In the structure of the branchial sac the two species differ in the number of longi- 

 tudinal vessels between the folds, there being three and sometimes four in our species, 



while there are only two in MacLeay's si)ecies. It is 

 *' thus seen that the two species are very distinct. 



Herdman, 1SS2, has expressed the opinion that the 

 genns />r»f/rrtJrw is not distinct from StycJ((. The genus 

 is based on the iK)sition and character of the ovary, 

 this being single, branched, and situated on the right 

 side of the body here, while Stycla has several un- 

 branched ovaries situated on both sides of the body. 



In his diagnosis of the genus Styela, written in 

 1882, ITerdman speaks of the genitalia as being "in the 

 form of oneorinore simi>le, lobed, or branched bodies." 

 According to this definition Dendrodoa would, so far as this character is concerned, 

 be merged in Styela. The same author has, however, in his Revised (Classification of 

 the Tunicata, 1891, stated tliat the gonads of Styela are present "on both sides of tlie 

 body." As this is essentially the view of the case held by Savigny, 181(J, MacLeay, 

 1824, Hancock, 1808, and Heller, 1877, and others who have written about the genus, 

 it has seemed to me best to regard the difference as sulHciently great and constant to 

 justify the recognition of both genera. 1 do not, however, believe that it is any more 

 closely related to Styela than to J^olycarpa, or any more closely related to Styela than 

 the latter is to Polycarpa.^ There are a large number of specimens in 

 the collection, all from St. Paul Island. i. 



Dendrodoa subpedunculata, new species. 



(rcncral (■haracteristivs. — Subspherictal ; slightly elongated antero- 

 posterioi'ly, frequently showing a tendency to be pedunculated; some- 

 what laterally compressed. Usually attached by the posterior end, 

 and by only a small area, so that specimens may be more or less pen- 

 dulous. Of the two dozen specimens at hand, 13 are attached close 

 together on a small bit of seaweed, indicating an aggregated habit for 

 the species (fig. 7). In one instance two individuals were fused 

 together by their tests (fig. 7a). Length from I to l.a cm.; surface rather closely but 



' KiaT, 1893, has described and figured a 8])ocies wLicli a]>]>eai'8 to be Dendrodoti r/Iaridaria, or a 

 closely related form, but wliich he identifies as Styela agt/rcf/ata J. Ratlike, and In^ refers to Transtedt 

 as holding the same view. I find, however, on looking up the anthor's references to Transtedt that tlie 

 latter does not mention Dendrodoa, bnt he does say of Slyela aggrcgala that the "genitalorg.ane sind 

 wie gewohnlich beiderseits entwickelt" (Transtedt, 1893). 



Kia;r does not believe that the single branched ovary as it exists in /^ewrfrorfort is a character of 

 sufficient importance and constancy to Justify the founding of a new genus upon it. Since, however, 

 we now have three species in which the character is well defined and constant, they certainly do nlak^^ 

 a distinct group, so why not call the group a genus f 



