10 



MISS M. E. J. CHAIfDLER OX THE 



[vol. Ixxvii, 



(Jnvex citi'citn L. (r) 



s 

 f 



s 

 s 



1 

 f 



C 



s 

 f 



C 





Carex ustiilatci Wahl 



>• Not previously recorded fossil. 



Carex cap ilia vis L. 



Carex glaiica Scop. ? 



Carex Hava L 



Badly preserved. 



Carex rostrata Stokes 



Recorded from the Lea Valley. 



These were among* the m.ost character- 



Carex spp 



Isoetes lacustris L 



istic fossils of the deposit. They are 



well represented in all northern and 



Arctic floras. 

 Recorded from the Lea Valley. 

 Macrospores. Not previously recorded 



fossil from this country, 

 Nucules. Recorded from the Lea 



valley. 



Selaginella spimilosa A. Braun . 

 Chara sp 



(a) The Arctic-Alpiue Group. 



There are many Barnwell fossils the modern rej^resentatives of 

 which appear both in Temperate and in Arctic regions. When 

 found in the Tem^^erate Zone the}^ occur onh^ on upland moors and 

 on mountain-slopes, where some are plants of wide distribution, 

 growing throughout extensive elevated tracts, while others are of 

 a more extreme type found only in limited areas at considerable 

 altitudes. These extreme forms are members of the scanty flora 

 of the mountain-top detritus, or of the open plant-associations of 

 the higher slopes ; generall3% they form cushions and tufts upon 

 exposed rock-surfaces. Yet others occupy the more sheltered 

 damp ledges on mountain-summits, or flourish in ravines or along 

 mountain stream-banks. When growing in Arctic regions, these 

 same plants are no longer confined to Alpine situations, but flourish 

 at sea-level. In many cases ihej extend far beyond the Arctic 

 ■Circle, and some of them are counted among the most widely 

 distributed of Arctic species, occurring in all Arctic countries. 



These plants form a striking element in the Barnwell Flora, 

 since the}^ constitute 42 per cent, of the whole, having regard only 

 to those fossils in which the specific, as well as the generic, deter- 

 mination was made. They are as follows : — 



Thalictrum alpinum L. 

 Ranunculus aconitifolius '. 

 Papaver alpinum L. 

 Draha incana L. 

 Cochlearia officinalis L. 

 Arenaria sedoides L. 

 Arenaria hiflora L. 

 Potentilla alpestris Hall. 

 Potentilla fruticosa L. 

 Dryas octopetala L. 

 Saxifraga oppositifolia L. 

 Vaccinium uliginosum L. 

 Primula scotica Hook. 

 Armeria arctica Wallr. 

 Polygonum viviparum L 



Salix Arhuscida Fries. 

 Salix Lapponum L. 

 Salix herbacea L. 

 Salix Polaris Wahl. 

 Salix reticidata L. 

 Betula nana L. 

 Potamogeton filiformis Nolte. 

 EriopJiorum polystachion L. 

 Carex capitata L. 

 Carex lagopina Wahl. 

 Carex atrata L. (?). 

 Carex usUdata Wahl. 

 Carex capillaris L. 

 Selaginella spimdosa A. Braun 

 Isoetes lacustris L. 



