998 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [126] 



Dredging stations of the Porcupine, 1869 — ContinuecL 



j 



Date. 



Latitude. 



Longi- 

 tude. 



Depth. 



Kind of bottom. 



Tempera- 

 tures 

 Fahrenheit. 



Tempera- 

 tures 

 centigrade. 



•s 



Sur- 

 face. 



Bot- 

 tom. 



Sur- 

 face. 



Bot- 

 tom. 



68 



August . 

 ...do 



Aug. 28 

 Sept. 1 



."^dS!"! 

 ...do.... 



.-do.... 



Sept. 2 

 ..do ... 

 Septemb'r 

 . . do ... 

 ...do .... 

 ...do .... 

 ...do.... 

 ...do .... 



Sept. 4 



'.'.'do '.'.'.'. 



Sept. 6 

 ...do .... 



Sept. 7 



North. 

 o / 



60 23 

 60 01 



60 04 

 60 17 

 60 20 

 60 29 

 60 39 

 60 45 

 60 36 

 60 34 

 60 14 

 59 44 



59 49 

 69 54 

 6C 00 



60 06 

 59 34 

 59 40 

 59 48 

 59 35 

 59 20 

 59 38 



59 41 



60 45 

 60 07 

 60 10 

 60 28 

 60 30 

 59 36 



59 59 



60 38 

 59 49 



East. 



o / 



33 



18 

 West. 

 21 



2 53 



3 05 

 3 06 

 3 09 

 3 06 



3 58 



4 40 

 4 30 

 4 44 



4 42 



5 01 

 5 13 



5 08 



6 34 

 6 34 



6 31 

 9 11 



8 23 



7 46 

 7 34 



4 49 



5 21 



5 59 



6 55 



7 16 

 7 20 



9 15 



11 07 



12 36 



Fath. 



75 

 67 



66 





o 

 52.5 

 53.5 



53.4 

 53.0 

 52.3 

 52.7 

 52.6 

 51.5 

 50.3 

 50.9 



o 

 44.0 

 43.8 



45.1 

 48.6 

 48.8 

 48.8 

 47.6 

 41.9 

 29.7 

 29.8 

 41.5 

 48.9 

 49.4 

 49.1 

 41.4 

 37.5 

 49.1 

 48.6 

 30.1 

 41.4 

 42.6 

 45.5 

 45.2 

 31.7 

 30.2 

 29.8 

 30.8 

 31.2 

 44.8 

 42.5 

 43.5 

 43.5 



o 

 11.4 

 12.0 



11.9 

 11.6 

 11.3 

 11.5 



n.4 



10.8 

 10.1 

 10.5 

 11.2 

 11.2 

 11.8 

 11.8 

 11.2 

 11.7 

 11.4 

 12.1 

 12.0 

 11.4 

 12.0 

 11.7 

 11.7 

 11.1 

 10.6 

 11.7 

 10.6 

 10.0 

 11.4 

 11.7 

 11.1 

 11.1 



o 



6.7 



6.5 



7.3 

 9.2 

 9.4 

 9 4 



69 





70 





71 



103 

 76 



84 







72 





73 





74 



203 

 250 

 344 

 5G0 

 290 

 76 

 92 

 142 

 312 

 362 

 355 

 190 

 445 

 767 

 705 

 445 

 458 

 510 

 500 

 550 

 500 

 450 

 530 

 650 

 570 

 620 





8.7 



5.5 



^1.1 



1 2 



75 





76 





11 





78 





52.2 

 52.1 

 53.2 



5 3 



79 



80 





9.4 

 9 6 



81 

 82 

 83 

 84 





53.3 

 52.3 

 53.1 

 54.3 

 53.9 

 53.6 

 52.5 

 53.5 

 53.1 

 53.1 

 52.0 

 51.0 

 53.0 

 51.0 

 50.0 

 52.5 

 53.0 

 52.0 

 52.0 



9.5 

 5.2 

 3.0 

 9 5 



85 





9 3 



88 





1 



87 

 88 





5.2 

 5 9 



89 





7 5 



90 





7 3 



VI 







2 



VII 







1 



viir 







1 2 



X 







7 



xr 







4 



xn 







7.1 



XIV 







5 8 



XV 







6.4 



XVII 







6 4 











DEEDGmG AND SOUNDING STATIONS OF THE PORCUPINE, 



1870. 



The dredgings of the Porcupine in 1870, like those of 1869 and those 

 of the Lightning in 1868, were undertaken at the request of the Royal 

 Society to extend the examination of tbe deep-sea bottom to the south 

 of Europe and the Mediterranean. Two cruises were made, the first 

 under the scientific direction of Mr. Gwyn Jeffreys, accompanied by 

 Mr. Josua Lindahl and Mr. W. L. Carpeuter, extending from Falmouth 

 to Gibraltar, and the second under W. B. Carpenter, assisted by Mr. 

 Lindahl and Mr. P. H. Carpenter, exploring the western basin of the 

 Mediterranean between Gibraltar and Malta, in order to determine Its 

 physical and biological relations to the Atlantic, with special reference 

 to the Gibraltar current. The temperature observations made on this 

 second cruise, showing an almost absolute uniformity of temperature 

 from the depth of about 100 fathoms (or that of the Straits of Gibraltar) 

 to the greatest depths reached (1,743 fathoms), shed a most important 

 light upon the phenomena of ocean basins inclosed by shallow barriers, 

 such as the Mediterranean, the Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico^ and 

 Sooloo Sea, as contrasted with those of the open ocean. Thus, on this 

 season's work, the six temperatures taken bolow 1,000 fathoms in the 

 Mediterranean (ranging from 1,328 to 1^743 fathoms) were all between 



