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   Family 
  3.— 
  BUFONIDJE. 
  

  

  Vertebrae 
  proccelous, 
  without 
  autogenous 
  ribs 
  ; 
  dia- 
  

   pophyses 
  of 
  sacral 
  vertebra 
  dilated. 
  Teeth 
  absent. 
  

  

  This 
  large 
  family, 
  comprising 
  nine 
  genera, 
  is 
  distri- 
  

   buted 
  over 
  the 
  whole 
  world 
  except 
  Madagascar, 
  

   Papuasia, 
  and 
  the 
  islands 
  of 
  the 
  Pacific. 
  Only 
  one 
  

   genus 
  is 
  represented 
  in 
  the 
  Palasarctic 
  region. 
  

  

  A 
  Himalayan 
  geous, 
  Cophophryne, 
  Blgr., 
  founded 
  

   on 
  a 
  small 
  toad 
  with 
  vertical 
  pupil, 
  and 
  with 
  the 
  

   sacral 
  vertebra 
  provided 
  with 
  very 
  strongly 
  dilated 
  

   diapophyses 
  and 
  a 
  single 
  condyle 
  for 
  articulation 
  with 
  

   the 
  urostyle, 
  effects 
  the 
  passage 
  from 
  the 
  preceding 
  

   family, 
  from 
  which 
  the 
  true 
  toads 
  differ 
  in 
  the 
  total 
  

   absence 
  of 
  teeth. 
  

  

  6. 
  Bufo. 
  

  

  Laurenti, 
  Syn. 
  Rept., 
  p. 
  25 
  (1768). 
  — 
  Parfcim. 
  

  

  Pupil 
  horizontal. 
  Vomerine 
  teeth 
  none. 
  Tongue 
  

   elliptical 
  or 
  pyriform, 
  entire 
  and 
  free 
  behind. 
  

   Tympanum 
  distinct 
  or 
  hidden. 
  Fingers 
  free, 
  toes 
  

   more 
  or 
  less 
  webbed 
  ; 
  outer 
  metatarsals 
  bound 
  

   together. 
  Diapophyses 
  of 
  sacral 
  vertebra 
  moderately 
  

   dilated 
  ; 
  two 
  condyles 
  for 
  articulation 
  with 
  urostyle. 
  

   Omosternum 
  absent 
  ; 
  sternum 
  a 
  cartilaginous 
  plate. 
  

  

  Fig. 
  78. 
  

  

  Open 
  mouth 
  of 
  Bufo 
  calamita. 
  

  

  The 
  genus 
  Bufo, 
  of 
  which 
  some 
  100 
  species 
  are 
  

   known, 
  has 
  representatives 
  in 
  most 
  parts 
  of 
  the 
  world, 
  

   with 
  the 
  exception 
  of 
  Madagascar, 
  Papuasia, 
  Australia, 
  

  

  