﻿BUF0. 
  221 
  

  

  curved, 
  directed 
  obliquely 
  backwards, 
  expanded 
  at 
  both 
  

   extremities 
  ; 
  no 
  omosternum 
  ; 
  sternum 
  an 
  elongate 
  

   cartilaginous 
  plate 
  expanded 
  distally, 
  calcined 
  along 
  

   the 
  middle 
  in 
  adult 
  specimens. 
  ISupra-scapula 
  nearly 
  

   entirely 
  ossified. 
  Humerus 
  once 
  and 
  two-fifths 
  to 
  once 
  

   and 
  a 
  half 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  radius-ulna, 
  with 
  strong 
  crest 
  ; 
  

   both 
  bones 
  with 
  calcified 
  epiphyses. 
  Six 
  bones 
  in 
  the 
  

   carpus, 
  three 
  in 
  contact 
  with 
  radius-ulna; 
  a 
  single 
  

   bone 
  to 
  the 
  pollex. 
  

  

  Pelvis 
  two-thirds 
  or 
  rather 
  more 
  than 
  two-thirds 
  

   the 
  length 
  of 
  the 
  vertebral 
  column 
  ; 
  ilia 
  subcylindrical 
  

   at 
  their 
  free 
  ends, 
  which 
  are 
  covered 
  by 
  the 
  dia- 
  

   pophyses 
  of 
  the 
  sacral 
  vertebra 
  ; 
  pubis 
  ossified 
  or 
  

   calcified, 
  entering 
  the 
  acetabulum. 
  Femur 
  moderately 
  

   curved, 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  or 
  slightly 
  longer 
  than 
  tibia- 
  fibula 
  ; 
  

   both 
  bones 
  with 
  calcified 
  epiphyses 
  ; 
  astragalus 
  and 
  

   calcaneum 
  subequal 
  in 
  length, 
  united 
  at 
  both 
  ends 
  by 
  

   a 
  common 
  calcified 
  epiphysis; 
  the 
  tarsus 
  not 
  quite 
  

   half 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  the 
  femur. 
  Three 
  distal 
  tarsals, 
  and 
  

   two 
  bones 
  to 
  the 
  prsehallux. 
  Distal 
  phalanges 
  obtuse, 
  

   slightly 
  expanded 
  at 
  the 
  apex. 
  

  

  Measurements 
  of 
  Skeleton 
  (in 
  millimetres). 
  

  

  

  

  6 
  

  

  ? 
  

  

  Length 
  of 
  skull 
  

  

  

  22 
  

  

  28 
  

  

  Width 
  of 
  skull 
  

  

  

  30 
  

  

  39 
  

  

  Least 
  interorbital 
  

  

  width 
  . 
  

  

  6 
  

  

  8 
  

  

  Dorsal 
  vertebral 
  column 
  . 
  

  

  32 
  

  

  40 
  

  

  Uro 
  style 
  

  

  

  28 
  

  

  34 
  

  

  Humerus 
  

  

  

  36 
  

  

  36 
  

  

  Radius-ulna 
  

  

  

  24 
  

  

  26 
  

  

  Manus 
  

  

  

  23 
  

  

  31 
  

  

  Pelvis 
  

  

  

  40 
  

  

  51 
  

  

  Femur 
  

  

  

  35 
  

  

  41 
  

  

  Tibia 
  

  

  . 
  

  

  33 
  

  

  38 
  

  

  Tarsus 
  

  

  

  19 
  

  

  22 
  

  

  Pes 
  

  

  

  42 
  

  

  45 
  

  

  Habits. 
  — 
  The 
  Common 
  Toad 
  is 
  a 
  terrestrial 
  and 
  

   crepuscular 
  Batrachian, 
  living 
  in 
  holes 
  and 
  crevices, 
  

   and 
  issuing 
  forth 
  at 
  dusk 
  in 
  search 
  of 
  insects, 
  worms, 
  

   and 
  slugs, 
  which 
  it 
  catches, 
  after 
  careful 
  aiming, 
  

   accompanied 
  by 
  nervous 
  movements 
  of 
  the 
  tips 
  of 
  the 
  

  

  