﻿230 
  BUFONID^S. 
  

  

  Back 
  covered 
  with 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  prominent, 
  some- 
  

   times 
  spinous, 
  distinctly 
  porous 
  warts 
  of 
  various 
  sizes 
  ; 
  

   those 
  at 
  the 
  angles 
  of 
  the 
  mouth 
  much 
  developed 
  ; 
  a 
  

   series 
  of 
  large 
  prominent 
  warts 
  usually 
  extends 
  along 
  

   each 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  body. 
  Lower 
  parts 
  granulate. 
  

   Parotoid 
  glands 
  very 
  variable 
  in 
  shape 
  ; 
  usually 
  par- 
  

   allel 
  or 
  converging 
  backwards, 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  pear- 
  or 
  

   kidney- 
  shaped, 
  the 
  greatest 
  width 
  in 
  front 
  about 
  

   twice 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  broad, 
  and 
  nearly 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  their 
  

   distance 
  from 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  snout 
  ; 
  sometimes, 
  espe- 
  

   cially 
  in 
  Asiatic 
  specimens, 
  shortly 
  oval, 
  or 
  enor- 
  

   mously 
  large, 
  much 
  longer 
  than 
  tlie 
  head, 
  and 
  once 
  

   and 
  a 
  half 
  to 
  twice 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  broad. 
  The 
  parotoids 
  

   always 
  depressed, 
  and 
  anteriorly 
  in 
  contact 
  with 
  or 
  

   very 
  narrowly 
  separated 
  from 
  the 
  upper 
  eyelids. 
  

   Upper 
  surface 
  of 
  forearm 
  and 
  tibia 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  

   glandular, 
  sometimes, 
  especially 
  in 
  some 
  Algerian 
  and 
  

   Central 
  Asian 
  specimens, 
  with 
  a 
  parotoid-like 
  gland 
  as 
  

   in 
  B. 
  calamita. 
  

  

  Coloration 
  very 
  variable. 
  Greyish, 
  greenish, 
  yel- 
  

   lowish, 
  brownish, 
  pinkish, 
  or 
  whitish 
  above, 
  usually 
  

   with 
  large, 
  irregular, 
  insuliform, 
  distinct 
  or 
  confluent 
  

   spots, 
  varying 
  from 
  bright 
  green 
  to 
  dark 
  olive, 
  and 
  

   often 
  margined 
  with 
  black 
  ; 
  these 
  markings 
  some- 
  

   times 
  interrupted 
  on 
  the 
  vertebral 
  area, 
  or 
  forming 
  

   wavy 
  longitudinal 
  bands 
  ; 
  a 
  fine 
  yellow 
  vertebral 
  line 
  

   sometimes 
  present; 
  the 
  larger 
  warts 
  at 
  the 
  angles 
  of 
  

   the 
  mouth, 
  on 
  the 
  sides 
  of 
  the 
  body, 
  and 
  sometimes 
  

   also 
  on 
  the 
  back, 
  brick-red 
  or 
  crimson. 
  Lower 
  parts 
  

   dirty 
  white, 
  uniform, 
  or 
  with 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  abundant 
  

   blackish 
  or 
  olive 
  spots. 
  Tips 
  of 
  fingers 
  and 
  toes 
  and 
  

   metatarsal 
  tubercles 
  usually 
  brown. 
  Iris 
  greenish- 
  

   yellow, 
  veined 
  or 
  vermiculated 
  with 
  black. 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  a 
  remarkable 
  fact 
  that 
  the 
  occasional 
  presence 
  

   in 
  this 
  species 
  of 
  a 
  yellow 
  vertebral 
  line, 
  such 
  as 
  is 
  

   usually 
  present 
  in, 
  and 
  has 
  been 
  regarded 
  as 
  a 
  specific 
  

   character 
  of, 
  B. 
  calamita, 
  has 
  never 
  been 
  observed 
  in 
  

   Germany 
  and 
  Denmark, 
  where 
  the 
  allied 
  species 
  co- 
  

   exists, 
  whilst 
  it 
  is 
  by 
  no 
  means 
  uncommon 
  in 
  Italy, 
  in 
  

  

  