﻿106 The Philippine Journal of Science 1914 



Eleventh. — Those who work against our agreement to exploit lands in 

 common shall receive five lashes from us for the first offense, and shall be 

 deprived of their rights for the second, as a punishment for their evil 

 custom, and we will not listen to their explanations. 



Twelfth. — We shall have no right to disobey the orders of our superin- 

 tendent, when he assigns us work, whether the work consist of digging or 

 fencing, and he who acts contrary to this agreement shall be punished as 

 is set down in article seven for his first offense, and for the second he shall 

 be deprived of his share of land as a punishment for his disobedience. 



Thirteenth. — It shall not be allowable to call us unexpectedly to a place 

 distant from these fields. If it is desired to call us to a distant place, we 

 must not be called unexpectedly but must be advised in advance. 



Fourteenth. — We shall all leave our implements (i. e., in the places 

 where work is being done), whether plow or harnessing rope or harrow, 

 and none but the owners shall take the said implements, and he whom we 

 may catch in the act of taking articles belonging to another person shall, 

 for the first offense, be condemned by us to suffer a suitable penalty, and 

 for the second offense he shall have his share in these fields confiscated as 

 punishment for his disobedience, and no explanations shall be listened to. 



All the above clauses of our most true agreement and convention for 

 cultivating the soil in common shall be strictly obeyed; no one is coercing 

 us nor causing us to be coerced, but of our own free will we make this 

 agreement in order to have discipline in our work, and in testimony of our 

 adhesion to this, our agreement and convention, those of us who know how 

 to write sign their names, and those who do not know how to write make 

 their mark and have their names written for them, now in the year eighteen 

 hundred ninety-four. 



Dimamaga, sitio of Bintar, September 15, 1894. 



[Twenty crosses (marks) and three signatures follow.] 



There is a supplementary paragraph, dated March 24, 1911, 

 in which it is agreed to choose a new superintendent and to 

 substitute certain names for others. 



In this case, the cabecilla, or chief, is also the maestro, or 

 superintendent of construction. But it is not at all uncommon 

 to find the office of chief of the organization and that of the 

 superintendent of construction divided. Most societies also have 

 a special officer known as the papelista, 6 because he keeps the 

 papers ; that is, the accounts. His duties are those of a secretary- 

 treasurer. It is his duty, besides keeping the society's funds, to 

 keep account of the fines incurred by the members. Small 

 societies — I have seen the membership list of one which comprised 

 only about half a dozen names — may do without any officers 

 except a chief (cabecilla). On the other hand, a large society 

 may have in addition to all the above officers two or three 

 members who may be called a commissariat. These men, instead 

 of working on the canals and structures of the irrigation scheme, 



* A Spanish word meaning one who has to do with papers. 



