﻿ix, d, 6 Robertson: The Igorots of Lepanto 479 



and after the house is built, we kill a hen and then cook it mixed with etag 

 (salted pork) ; but when they are going to live in the house they mang- 

 mang M (to kill a chicken with a stick) a chicken in the stove inside of the 

 house, and if the liver is all right they then stay in the house doing nothing 

 for three days and then again kill a chicken in a fireplace outside of the 

 house; but when they want to go to the country to work and the liver is 

 all right, they again kill one hog in the fireplace outside of the house, and 

 the meat of that hog will be given to those who come as their guests; and 

 at the third day they must perform a canao called saguepsep in the house 

 using one chicken; and after seven days of oaned (canao) they again 

 baquidan hogs (the hogs are put in a frame called baquidan as required 

 in the canao) ; 2 hogs and 2 chickens are needed in this canao; the hogs 

 must be 1 female and 1 male; and then the chickens are put between them, 

 and no one is allowed to go as far as or to the places where the Ilocanos live 

 for a month, during which they will not do any kind of work. 



Our customary feast which we often used to offer to God so that He 

 may let us live longer is a general canao. The ceremony that we make 

 in this canao is the killing of a hog in the country, and when we return 

 home we must take 1 hog to the abong in which we are gathered together, 

 and after this we must go from house to house to agdao-es (to ask for a 

 hen from each house and kill it, after which the meat is strung with a fine 

 split bamboo and distributed among the houses) a hen of those who have 

 chickens and wish to offer something to God; this is not compulsory if a 

 man has no chicken. After the said dao-es we must perform 2 canaos 

 called ubaya and sagepsep in the abong, and the ceremony observed is the 

 killing of 1 pig and 1 hen inside of the abong, and if the livers of the two 

 are satisfactory and puffed up 31 then we can go to the country to work 

 after seven days. This must be done yearly for we ought to follow the 

 customs which we inherited from our forefathers. Since the first time 

 when our town was inhabited by the original dwellers, the chief ruler was 

 called camjjo?- and each man had to pay a tax of 8 centavos. In that time 

 the Spanish tobacco graders were called rulers; there was then also a meas- 

 uring of tobacco." Both men and women had to pay taxes of 25 centavos 

 each, and when the Spanish priests were scattered around, each man and 

 woman had to pay taxes of 50 centavos, but in the year 1901, when the 

 Katipunan was in control of the Islands, each man contributed only 20 



*° Mang-mang means to view or to look at. In this case, the author 

 means that they will kill a chicken and look at its gall to learn the omen. 

 Such metaphorical uses of mang-mang are common. — Beyer. See also 

 Jenks, Pub. P. I. Ethnol. Surv. (1905), 1, 200, 208, 209. 



" The manner of reading the omen from a chicken's gall is the same 

 among all of the Igorot, Bontoc, and Ifugao peoples. If the gall bladder 

 is full of liquid and has a smooth surface the omen is good, but if it is 

 empty and the surface wrinkled the omen is bad. — Beyer. 



" From maestre de campo, the title of a Spanish military officer of high 

 rank. 



" Governor Basco de Vargas established the government monopoly over 

 tobacco in the Philippines in 1781. At first this resulted advantageously, 

 but it was only a forced benefit both to people and government, and soon 

 the evils of the monopoly became apparent. It was finally repealed in 

 1881. 



