﻿490 ^ ie Philippine Journal of Science im 



4. Cafiao called tongcala. This cafiao is to the anito to whom offerings 

 or promises have been made by a person while sick [who] says this, 

 for instance, "I shall offer up a hog, together with music, according 

 to the custom, if my sickness be cured." 



The ceremonies observed in this cafiao are the killing of a hog; an 

 old man, accompanied by ganzas, takes the head of the hog, together 

 with the liver and a little of the meat (muscle), and puts them on the 

 end of a dry piece of wood covered with the tops of sugar cane or with 

 the whole plant; after holding this meat up on the end of the piece of 

 wood, it is taken off and cooked and eaten by the people; the person 

 giving this cafiao will have to stay in his house for ten days. 



5. Cafiao called baquid. This cafiao is celebrated in case the water 

 used for irrigating the rice fields sinks into the ground and in that way 

 passes the rice fields that are to be irrigated. 



The ceremonies for this and for the increase of the water are as 

 follows: An old man goes with the owner of the field to the place, taking 

 with them a small pig, a chicken, and a basket, which are needed when 

 they eat; upon arriving at the place they kill the pig and the chicken 

 and offer them up to the anito of the fields; after the ceremony is over 

 they cook and eat them; the person who makes this cafiao must stay 

 in his house for one day. 



6. Cafiao called pacde. This is a cafiao by all the people of one village 

 or barrio to the anito so that he may give them a good crop of rice and 

 other crops and make the grain fill out good. 



The ceremonies gone through in this cafiao are the killing of a hog 

 in the following manner: The old men bring with them a hog covered 

 with a shield and spear, and taking it near the edge of the barrio 

 there they kill (burn) the hog and cut it into pieces for an offering 

 to the anito; they look at the liver, and if it is good they do not kill 

 another hog, but if it is bad they kill hog after hog until they find 

 one with a good liver. 



The meat of the killed hog is not eaten by the old men who only 

 eat the liver; the meat is cut into as many pieces as there are houses 

 in the barrio that is giving this cafiao; the meat of every hog that is 

 killed in this cafiao, is divided to correspond to the number of the houses. 

 Each piece of meat is strung on a split piece of bamboo and so distributed 

 among the houses. 



The value of all the hogs killed is figured up and the amount is 

 divided by the number of houses; when it is determined what the 

 share of each will be, they pay it to the headman or chief of the cafiao, 

 and he pays the owners of the hogs that were killed. 



This cafiao is celebrated twice a year, before the planting and harvest- 

 ing of the rice. During this cafiao, every one not living or belonging 

 to that barrio is driven away, and nobody is allowed to enter the barrio, 

 except the officials who pass through or whose duty it is to come to the 

 township, who may be allowed to enter. 



Across all paths and trails leading into the town or barrio that is 

 celebrating this cafiao a design of green leaves is made into an arch, 

 which is the sign that no one may enter. 



None of the people of the barrio in which this canao is held are 

 allowed to go to another barrio or other place while this canao is going 

 on, and every one must take great care of his animals, chickens, etc., 



