﻿514 The Philijjpine Journal of Science ish 



to Lomaoig that he may give a better living or whatever they have asked 

 and that they may have sufficient of everything when they have their 

 bayas (cafiao). 



It is a custom of the people in the same barrios to have a cafiao which 

 they call pacde or begnas, either before or after working or harvesting; 

 this is for all people, and it is performed in the abong (tribunal). The 

 ceremony that they perform is the killing of a hog, but if the gall of the 

 hog they killed is not good they kill another and continue to do so until 

 they meet a good and full gall. As soon as they see that the gall of the 

 hog they killed is good, they cut the hog into pieces after it is burned and 

 ask Lomaoig or Cabunian (both Gods) to give them a good crop. If it is 

 time for harvesting, or for good luck in the planting, they perform pacde 

 or begnas before they begin their work. No one can go to work the day 

 just after the cafiao, and they are [not] allowed to go to the country to 

 work [until] three days after the performance of pacde or begnas if the 

 gall of the first hog they killed is good and full, but if they had to kill 

 [two] or three times they are longer delayed in being allowed to go to 

 the country to work and it will [be] five or six days then, before they are 

 allowed to do any work. 



If any one of them falls sick, it is their custom to call an old woman to 

 make the cafiao, and if she says that 1 hog is needed the parents or relatives 

 of the sick person must kill 1 hog; if the anito says that they must perform 

 bayas, they must do it, and if he says that they must perform tobag they 

 must do it also. The ceremony for tobag is the killing of a hog which they 

 offer to Cabunian in order that the sick person may be cured. If one of 

 them dies, they must kill a hog, and if the gall of the hog is good and full 

 they bury the dead; but, if the gall is not good, they kill another hog and 

 keep on doing so until they find a hog that has a good gall. The dead person 

 is kept in the house for two or more days or until they find a good gall; 

 after the dead person is buried, and before the separation of the visitors 

 in front of the dead house, an old man relates a story and says: "There is 

 Cabunian or Lomaoig looking at the level land where he puts the people 

 who do not know their homes and are cruel. 'I make the earth sink,' he 

 says and 'I again make other mountains.' The world is flooded, and after 

 the water becomes low there are the mountains; two people are left, a 

 man named Gomatan and a woman named Bangan. Gomatan lived in 

 Gangyango Mountain, a part of Malaya, and Bangan lived in Caoitan 

 Mountain, a part of Ifugao, Banaue. When Gomatan saw a fire in Caoitan 

 Mountain he went on a small wooden raft called salibao (drum used by 

 the Igorots), and when they saw each other they were brother and sister. 

 They waited in Caoitan until the water became small, and there they saw 

 the other mountains and rivers. Cabunian saw them there and went and 

 married them, though they did not want to get married; but Cabunian 

 took a runo (stem of a large grass) and split it and then he put them 

 close together and said: 'This runo is only one, but can be divided into 

 two and can be joined together again; you, Gomatan and Bangan, get 

 married and become father and mother of many people.' The people in- 

 creased in number and they did not bury the ones who first died; then 

 Cabunian came down to the earth and told the people that the dead may 

 not become obnoxious and 'After burying the dead you should make prayers 

 and offerings so that you may not be affected by any kind of diseases.' 



