158 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



naturally be expected, the rock is found to be a bluish impure 

 calcarenite with Leptaena rhomboidalis, unlike the 

 Coeymans and not so steeply inclined. This grades rapidly 

 downward (easterly) into a coarsely crystalline " coquina " rock, 

 carrying Spirifer cyclop terus, with greenish shale 

 partings in the lower portion (at locality 4) — unquestionably 

 the Becraft limestone. Mr Cole reports Spirifer mac- 

 r o p 1 e u r a abundant in the shaly limestone below this, along 

 the road at 5 and beyond, indicating the New Scotland. The 

 rock at 3 is therefore the lower Port Ewen, with which it fully 

 accords. The basal bed of this, close down upon the Becraft, 

 carries some chert nodules, as at Catskill. 



The Becraft and Port Ewen have an almost unbroken out- 

 crop northward along the ridge. A digging at 6 shows plenty 

 of Aspidocrinus in the upper Becraft, and a gradual change of 

 rock texture at the contact with the Port Ewen. The higher 

 layers of the latter begin to appear, and are decidedly shaly and 

 with oblique schistosity, as at Rondout. They occasion a slight 

 depression and are not well exposed. Beyond them again are 

 harder layers, somewhat cherty, at 7, forming a slight ridge; 

 they carry Leptocoelia flabellites abundantly, also 

 Spirifer cyclopterus and are either the highest Port 

 Ewen (beds 22 \o 26 at Rondout) or lowest Oriskany. In ap- 

 pearance they resemble the Hudson valley " Schoharie grit." 

 The dip is steep and the surface of the highest layer has been 

 largely uncovered in a road-metal digging at 8. Here only 

 the talus is being removed and the rock face is untouched but 

 bared. It is horizontally glaciated, and a striking feature of the 

 polished surface is the occurrence ofTaonurus cauda- 

 g a 1 1 i as lighter colored spiral patches resembling paint 

 blotches. Polished chert nodules also appear prominently. 

 Slightly exfoliated surfaces show the normal burrow structure 

 of Taonurus, side by side with Spirifer murchisoni 

 and Leptocoelia. This is therefore undoubted Glenerie Oriska- 

 nian and indicates a rapid loss in calcareous content in the few 

 miles between Glenerie and here. 



Standing in this pit, one looks against the north end of the 

 other (or fault-block) ridge, with its nearly vertical beds well 

 shown in an old quarry cutting. The nearest rock, at 9, is 

 New Scotland shale with beautiful and frail silicified fossils, such 

 as are found in it at High Falls station on the Kingston & 



