SIXTH REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR I909 219 



The material consists of stone mortars or anvils, pitted ham- 

 mer stones, pestles, sinkers, hoes, celts, arrows and other flint 

 articles, pottery in fragments and stems of pipes, etc. 



Mortars or anvils. These are blocks of gray sandstone from the 

 local Portage flags, roughly dressed to a nearly circular shape 8 

 to 12 inches in diameter and about 2 inches thick, weighing 7 to 15 

 pounds. On one side a shallow cup-shaped depression has been 

 picked out by hard blows with a sharp instrument, leaving a rough 

 surface. The other side is usually slightly concave and smoothly 

 polished, probably by use of a muller in pulverizing substances 

 very finely. 21 of these were found, 18 in the vicinity of the 

 lower site, one at the upper, one half a mile east of the lower 

 site and one half a mile southwest. Many broken fragments 

 occur. 



Hammer stones. These are mostly round or oval flattened drift 

 pebbles from the nearby creek bed weighing i to 4 pounds. 

 Over 200 of these were found, 145 at or near the lower site, 

 54 at the upper, one half a mile east and another half a mile 

 southwest of the lower site ; 33 of these show by the battered 

 condition of their ends and sides that they have been used as 

 veritable hammers against some hard substance, possibly to 

 pulverize the rock mixed with clay in the process of manu- 

 facturing pottery. 18 are granite or schist, the others being of 

 hard quartzite or sandstone. The pits on these are large, 

 shallow in proportion to size and worked smooth. The pits 

 aid very much in getting a firm and easy grasp of the imple- 

 ment. 4 are flat blocks of sandstone i^ to 2 inches thick and 

 have a funnel-shaped pit on one side only an inch in diameter 

 and ^ inch deep. The pit on one block shows that it was made 

 by a rotary drill. The other specimens are all sandstone, mostly 

 Portage or Medina, and in shape range from globular to irregu- 

 larly angular. The pits also show a variety of shapes, some 

 being large and worked out smoothly at the expense of con- 

 siderable labor, the other extreme being those made by a half 

 dozen hard blows with a sharp pick. 5 have two pits on one 

 side. 



While the most of these pitted stones would be serviceable 

 in cracking nuts, grinding corn and similar substances, some 

 of them are not at all suitable and evidently were not designed 

 for such use. 



Pestles. One 24}^ inches long, very roughly dressed. One 

 14 inches long, flattened and slightly curved; one 12 inches long, i ^ 



