University of the State of New York 



New York State Museum 



John M. Clarke State Paleontologist 



Memoir 7 



GRAPTOLITES OF NEW YORK 



Part 1 

 GRAPTOLITES OF THE LOWER BEDS 



BY 



EUDOLF RUEDEMANN 



PAGE 



Preface . . 457 



Introductiou 459 



Eef erences 459 



History of the study of graptolites . 466 

 Methods of investigation and illustra- 

 tion 479 



Terminology 482 



Range and geographic distribution . 488 

 Correlation table of zones faces . . 490 

 Synoptic table of distribution of 



species 504 



Synoptic table of range of genera 508 



Mode of existence 509 



Mode of reproduction and ontogeny 519 

 Structure and morphology 534 



Histology and chemical composition 



of the periderm 539 



Classification and phylogeny of the 



graptolites , . 543 



Synoptic list of fossils described. . 572 

 Taxonomic relations of the grapto- 

 lites 574 



Descriptions of graptolites 578 



Dendroidea 578 



Graptoloidea 612 



Axonolipa 612 



Axonophora 718 



Addendum 735 



Explanations of plates 743 



Index 785 



ALBANY 



NEW YORK STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT 

 1904 



