275 



1884. Hemicardium fragiim Grasset, Ind. Test. Viv., p. 277. 



1890. Hemicardium [CteJiocardia) fragiini Paetel, Cat. Conch. Samm., III, p. 1 19. 



1892. Cardiiuii [Hemicardium) fragum Bôttger, O., Nachrichtsbl. Deutsch. Malakozool. Ges., 



XXIV, p. 168. 

 1899. Hemicardium [Ctenocardiiim] fragum Melvill & Standen, Journ. Linn. Soc. London (ZooL), 



XXVII, p. 193. 

 1899. Cardium fragrum (sic), Hedley, Mem. Austral. Mus. III, pp. 504, 529. 

 1903. Hemicardunn Fragum Hidalgo, Obras Malacol., II, p. 352. 



1905. Hemicardium Fragum Hidalgo, Cat. Filip., p. 347. 



1906. Hemicardium fragum Hedley, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, XXXI, p. 465. 

 1906. Cardium [Hemicardium) fragum Lamy, Bull. Mus. d'Hist. Nat. Paris, XII, p. 214. 

 1909. Cardium [Ctenocardia) fragum Melvill, Trans. Linn. Soc. London (ZooL), XIII, p. 135. 



1909. Cardium [Fragum) fragum Lynge, D. Kgl. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. Nat. Math,, 



(7) V, p. 261, pi. V, fig. 20. 



19 10. Cardium fragum Hedley, Austral. Ass. Adv. Sci., XII, p. 348. 



191 1. Cardium fragum Pelseneer, "Siboga" Lamellibranches (Anat.), pp. 55. 



1928. Cardium [Hemicardium) fragum Faustino, Summary Philippine Mar. Freshw. MolL, p. 63. 



1929. Cardium [Hemicardium) fragum Dautzenberg, Faun. Colon. Français., p. 590. 



The shells of C. {F.) fragzim collected by the "Siboga" Expédition are ail half grown. 

 The younger shells hâve a prominent keel, but this becomes less marked in older shells. It is 

 apparently a character of ail young shells of the species, and the varietal name carinata Lynge 

 must, therefore, be relegated to the synonymy of the typical form. 



Distribution : — C. [F^j fragum has a very wide range in the Indo-Pacific Région. 



The "Siboga" Expédition collected a few dead shells from St. 95 (5°43'.5 N., ii9°40''E., 

 522 mètres); Anchorage off the south point of the Kabaëna Island (St. 209) and Elat, west coast 

 of Great Kei Island (St. 261). 



14. Cardium [Pratuluin) torresi Smith. 



1885. Cardium [Fragum) torresi Smith, "Challenger" Lamellibranchia, p. 164, pi. VIII, figs. 4, 4;^. 

 1906. Cardium i^. Fragum) centumliratum Melvill in Melvill Sz; Standen, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 



p. 839, pi. LUI,' fig. 2. 



After a careful examination of the types of C. torresi and C. centumliratum ^ I am of 

 opinion that the latter is only based on an adult shell of the former. The différent character 

 of the sculpture of the species to which Melvill refers in his description, is due to the types 

 of C. torresi being young and weathered. Melvill's description of the sculpture is very accurate, 

 and needs no élaboration. 



Iredale ^) in his paper on the Roy Bell collections, separated Hedley's ^) var. thetidis 

 as a species distinct from C. striatztlum Sowerby and added that "the différence between this 

 style of shell and typical Cardium is very great, and I, therefore, propose the new genus 

 Pratulum^ naming Cardium thetidis Hedley as type". The diagnosis of the new genus or as 

 I consider it, subgenus has not been published so far, but as far as can be judged from the 

 type, Pratulum is based mainly on the différent sculpture of the shells. 



Distribution : — C. [P.) torresi was described from the Torres Straits, while Melvill 

 under the name C. centumliratum recorded it from the Persian Gulf 



i) Iredale, T. — Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, XLIX, p. 207 (1924). 

 2) Heuley, c. — Mem. Austral. Mus., IV, p. 322 (1902). 



