32 C. S. PROSSER — PERMO-CARBONIFEROUS AND PERMIAN ROCKS. 



shown at Manhattan and on Mill creek, some twenty miles southeast 

 of Manhattan. Professor Swallow insisted that the Mill Creek section 

 showed an unconformity, and that numbers 84 to 95 of the sections near 

 Manhattan were not found on Mill creek.* 



Henry Engelmann, who was geologist of the exploring expedition of 

 Captain J. H. Simpson across the Great plains and Great basin in 1859, 

 gave some information in reference to the geology of this region. The 

 details, however, refer mainly to the country some forty-five miles farther 

 north, which was crossed by the expedition.f 



The Manhattan Geologic Section. 

 broadhead's section. 



Before attempting to determine the position of the beds described by 

 Meek and Hayden, and Swallow, it will be well to give a general descrip- 

 tion of the geologic section at Manhattan. Some ten years ago Professor 

 G. C. Broadhead published a section of the rocks at Manhattan, which, 

 in a condensed form, is as follows : 



Feet. Feet. 



1. Drab Umestone 4J = 208 



2. Shaly slope 30 = 203J 



3. Drab, compact, fine grained Umestone 3J := 173|^ 



4. Chiefly shales to base of hill ; a bed of red shale half way down. . 170 = 170 j 



PROSSER S SECTION. 



Near Manhattan are steep bluffs rising abruptly from the river to an 

 elevation of more than 200 feet above the river level. Two of them 

 stand out prominently — one, called Blue mount, just north of the city, 

 and the other, to which Professor Broadhead 's section refers, called mount 

 Prospect, south of the Kansas river. An accurate section of the rocks of 

 the region may be constructed from the outcrops on these two hills, 

 although all of the layers are not well exposed on either mount. Blue 

 mount rises very sharply from the Big Blue river, its summit being com- 

 posed of the massive limestone, quarried so extensively about the city, 

 which is called the Manhattan stone. On top of Blue mount is the city 

 reservoir, the coping of which is 215 feet above low water in the Big Blue 

 river and 10 feet higher than the top of the Manhattan stone. The follow- 

 ing section was made on the east face of Blue mount : 



*0p. cit., p. 44. 



t Report Exploration across the Great Basin of the Territory of Utah in 1859 by Captain J. H. 

 Simpson. Appendix I, Report on Geology of country between Fort Leavenworth, Kansas Terri- 

 tory, and the Sierra Nevada. Section T, Northeast Kansas and Southeast Nebraska, pp. 251-259. 



I Trans. St. Louis Acad. Science, vol. iv, pt. iii, p. 491 ; read Nov. 6, 1882, and published in 1883 or 

 1884. 



