BULLETIN OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 

 Vol. 6, pp. 141-166 January 16, 1895 



EVIDENCES AS TO CHANGE OF SEALEVEL 



BY N. S. SHALE R 



(Rend before the Society August 14^ ISDJ^) 

 CONTENTS 



Page 



Introduction 142 



Conditions and actions affecting sealcvel 143 



Synopsis of author's previous views 143 



Submarine folds 144 



Attraction of continental masses 145 



Glacial accumulations 145 



Shorelines 145 



General ol)servations concerning them 145 



Deforming agencies affecting shorelines 146 



Pluvial erosion 146 



Marine erosion 146 



Oscillations 147 



Results achieved by deforming agencies 148 



Mountain-building 148 



Criteria indicating higher sealevel 149 



Marine cliffs and benches 149 



Marine caves 149 



Detailed discussion of criteria 150 



Danger from imi)erfect discrimination of phenomena 150 



Persistence of the submarine slielf 150 



Barrier-beaches untrustworthy as criteria 150 



Character of detrital shore-beds 151 



Remains of marine scarfs 151 



Exposed offshore deposits 151 



Criteria indicating lower seashores 152 



Submerged escarpments 152 



Flooded valleys 152 



Changes in altitudes of the shores 153 



North American coasts 153 



General statement concernin;^ tiiem 153 



Isthmus of Darien to Florida 153 



Floridian peninsula 154 



Florida to Delaware bay 155 



XX— lUl.l.. (iKOL. SOC. A3I., Vot,. G, 1801. (141) 



