442 MINING INDUSTRY. 



difficulty in obtaining enough water even for domestic purposes, not only in 

 Treasure City, where there is no natural source of supply, but in Hamilton, 

 where it is very scarce. 



White Pine Water-Woeks. — The Water Company, organized in San 

 Francisco with a large capital, projected works on a truly magnificent scale, 

 for the purpose of furnishing water to the towns of Hamilton and Treasure 

 City, and to the mills situated in the vicinity. Their source of supply is a 

 spring found in a canon on the east side of the range of mountains that is im- 

 mediately east of Applegarth Canon. This spring which furnishes an abund- 

 ant supply, is nearly or quite 1,000 feet below the summit of the pass over 

 which the water must be carried in order to descend into Applegarth Canon. 



To raise the water from the spring to the pass, pumping works of great 

 power and capacity have been built, employing the double-acting Cameron or 

 Stoddard steam-pumps. The steam-cylinders of these pumps are 22 inches 

 in diameter, and 5-foot stroke, and the water-cylinders 10 inches in diameter. 

 The pipe, or column, through which the water is forced is 12 inches in diam- 

 eter, and made of riveted boiler-plate, in sections 20 feet long, joined together 

 by means of a cast bell and socket joint, that is filled with lead. 



The works established at the spring consist of two duplex pumps, either 

 of which has sufficient capacity, allowing one to be held in reserve for emer- 

 gencies. There are two boilers and all the necessary appurtenances for carry- 

 ing on the operation. 



The water is pumped from this point in a single lift, 470 feet, to a reser- 

 voir, where a similar pumping station is established, by which means the 

 water is again raised nearly an equal distance, 465 feet, making 935 feet in 

 all. The column is- buried in the ground for protection; the aggregate length, 

 for the two stations, is 10,487 feet. 



At the elevation to which the water is raised by the second pumping 

 station there is a capacious reservoir, from which the water is carried through 

 a tunnel, 307 feet long, passing under the crest of the ridge, and opening, on 

 the other side, upon Applegarth Canon. Thence the water is led down the 

 slope in a 12-inch pipe, descending vertically 420 feet, in a distance of 3,187 

 feet, near which point the supply for Hamilton and the mills in Applegarth 

 Canon is withdrawn, the pipe continuing upward on Treasure Hill to a station 



