28 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



It will be seen, on comparison between the cage in which 

 cultivation occurred and the number of beetles observed in cages 

 1, 3, 4 and 5, that a large proportion of the insects must have 

 been destroyed by this means. In all probability over 50^ and 

 possibly 75^ or even more, were killed by cultivation, because we 

 find that on July 1 there were 141 beetles in cage 1, and in cages 

 3 and 4, which should be added together as each contains but 

 a vine, there were 162, while in cage 5 we had obtained at that 

 time nearly 400 insects. In cages 3 and 4, it will be observed 

 that there were 72 and 90 beetles respectively living July 1, 12 

 days after the first application of poison. One dead insect was 

 found in cage 3 and five wing cases, representing three individ- 

 uals, and another hanging in cage 4. The conditions, however, 

 in these two cages, as compared with the others at the same time, 

 were so similar that we could not be certain that the relatively 

 few insects found dead had been killed by poison, and the same 

 was true on July 6, 14 and subsequent dates. A study of the 

 record of captures in cage o showed that a xerj large proportion, 

 92^, of the beetles appeared above ground within two weeks after 

 the first insects were observed abroad. In other words, we bred 

 from the soil about two vines 511 beetles, 477 appearing in the 

 first two weeks. 



The experimental vineyard,^ which was selected only after 

 extensive examinations in different vineyards in the Chautauqua 

 grape belt, appeared to be a place where the insects were rather 

 abundant and yet had not caused very serious injury unless it 

 was in the immediate vicinity of the cages. The plot selected 



^ The cultivation of this vineyard is of interest, and data relating thereto, 

 kindly placed at my disposal by Mr Falvay, is as follows: Ap. 28 the vineyard 

 was gang-plowed, and was horse-hoed the 30th; May 4 it was hoed by hand; 

 May 7 harrowed with a spring-tooth harrow; May 11. 350 pounds of kainit to 

 an acre applied; May 14,* one furrow on each side of the row was turned toward 

 the vines; May 22, the space between the furrows was cultivated; June 5,* horse- 

 hoed for Fidia, following with the cultivator; June 16, cultivated for Fidia. 

 Each process required about a day, and the cost for 5 acres was placed at $27. 

 The additional cultivation (*) for Fidia amounted to $8.50. The vineyard 

 since Aug. 1, in addition to that given above, has been gang-plowed, harrowed 

 with a spring-tooth harrow and cultivated, each operation twice in a row and 

 one after the other and followed by cultivation with an acme harrow. The 

 vineyard is showing the effects of good treatment and has developed a very satis- 

 factory amount of wood in spite of previous root worm injur3^ 



