52 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



1880 Osborn, Herbert. Xew Enemy to Appletrees. West. Stock Jour. 



and Farmer, December, 10:273-74 (Characters, habits and means 

 against) 



1881 Cook, A. J. Can. Ent. 13:191 (Injuring appletrees in Michigan, 



carbolic soap wash) 



1881 Osborn, Herbert. la. State Hort. Soc. Trans. 1880, 15:11-13, figure 



(Description, life histor}- and remedies) 

 1881 Am. Nat. March, 15:244 (Oviposition, work of larva) 



1882 Lintner, J. A. Injurious and other Ins. N. Y. ist Rep't, p. 331 (Listed 



on apple) 



1888 Cook, A. J. Mich. State Bd Agric. 27th Rept, p. 168, fig. 6 (More 



common than S. Candida, description, remedy) 



1889 Harrington, W. H. Ent. Soc. Ont. 20th Rep't, p.52 (In appletrees) 

 1891 Cook, A. J. & others. Insect Life, 3:249 (Prefers branches) 



1895 Hamilton, John. List Coleopt. Southwest. Pa. etc. Am. Ent. Soc. 



Trans. 22:369 (Common in limbs of Crataegus) 



1896 Leng, C. W. & Hamilton, John. Am. Ent. Soc. Trans. 23:147, 149 



(Sj-stematic account) 

 1896 Lintner, J. A. Injurious and Other Ins. X. Y. nth Rep't, 1895, p. 269 



(Listed on apple) 

 1898 Chittenden, F. H. U. S. Dep't Agric. Div. Ent. Circ. 32, June, p.8, 



fig. 2 (Description, injuries, distribution, habits) 



1898 Wickham, H. F. Can. Ent. 30:41, 42 (Specific characters, food 



plants) 



1899 Lugger, Otto. Minn. Agric. Exp. Sta. Bui. 66, December, p. 215 



(Attacks apple and thorn); same in Ent. State Exp. Sta. 5th Rep't, 

 PI31 



Saperda discoidea Fabr. 



Hickory saperda 



This species is remarkable in having the sexes so unlike that 

 one unacquainted with it would certainly consider them distinct 

 species. In a long series of males, however, there will be found 

 individuals having the same color and markings as the females, 

 and some very poorly developed females lack entirely the char- 

 acteristic markings of the sex. This is a common insect and 

 breeds abundantly in hickory, frequently following the work of 

 the destructive hickory bark borer, S c o 1 y t u s q u a d r i- 

 s p i n o s ti s Say. It is sometimes so abundant that a piece of 

 bark 6 inches square may contain a dozen or more larvae. 



Life history. The beetles have been taken abroad the latter 

 part of June and in July. The larvae feed partly on the bark 

 and partly on the wood and on approaching maturity, in our 



