60 " NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



pared for the ovens by drying to the point of economical carboni- 

 zation. There is transmitted to the department as an exhibit 

 with this report a sample of 1 kilogram (1000 grams, or 2.2 

 pounds) of raw peat, and the several products derived therefrom 

 by the Ziegler process, each in its due proportion, as follows: 

 Three hundred and fifty grams of coke, 40 grams of tar, and 40O- 

 grams of gas liquor, from which last is derived 6 grams of 

 methyl alcohol, 6 grams of acetate of lime, and 4 grams of sul- 

 fate of ammonia. If this sample be multiplied a thousand fold 

 to a metric ton, and the value of each product given at its 

 present market price in Germany, the demonstration would be 

 as follows: 



Description Value 



1 ton (1000 kilograms) of peat, costing, 



dried, 5 marks (|1.19), produces: 

 350 kilograms (771.6 pounds) of peat coke. 



40 kilograms (88.2 pounds) of tar 



6 kilograms (13.2 pounds) of methyl alcohol 

 6 kilograms (13.2 pounds) of acetate of lime 

 4 kilograms (8.8 pounds) of sulfate of 



ammonia 



Total . 



The peat coke produced as the primary product of this process 

 is jet black, resonant, firm, and columnar in structure, pure as 

 charcoal from phosphorus or sulfur, and, having a thermal value 

 of from 6776 to 7042 calories, it is so highly prized as a fuel 

 for smelting foundry iron, copper refining, and other metallurgi- 

 cal purposes that it readily commands from 40 to 50 marks 

 (19.52 to 111.90) per ton. It is also a high class fuel for smelting 

 iron ores, but, as the process is comparatively new and the out- 

 put limited, it is as yet too scarce and expensive for blast 

 furnace purposes. Crushed and graded to chestnut size, it forms 

 an excellent substitute for anthracite in base-burning stoves. 

 In larger lumps, as it comes from the oven, it fulfils substan- 

 tially all the various uses of wood charcoal as a clean, smokeless 

 fuel. The cost of a four oven plant, with all apparatus for 

 cutting and drying the peat, distilling the gas liquor and ex- 

 tracting paraffin from the tar, is given at |95,200. Such a plant 

 is reckoned capable of working up annually 15,000 tons of peat, 

 the various products of which would sell, at present wholesale 



Marks 





15.75 



13.75- 



2.20 



.52 



I 4.20 



1 



i .72 



.17 



[ 



.88 



.21 



23.75 



15.65 



