170 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



leaving the manufacturer to combine his materials to suit that 

 particular case. 



Large amounts of the various grades of emery are used in the 

 manufacture of emery paper and emery cloth, in which form it is 

 used in the process of tool manufacturing and in almost all 

 metal industries. Quantities of powder are sold to the same 

 manufacturers for use in the grinding of joints and polishing 

 metal. 



In 1894, 250 tons of powder were consumed in the glass bevel- 

 ing industry. Emery paper and cloth are used in large quan- 

 tities by shoe manufacturers, woodworkers and brass founders; 

 but in these industries it finds a strong competitor in garnet 

 products. 



During the year 1894, Mr 0. N. Jenks, of Asheville N. C, 

 made a series of very careful tests on the cutting properties of 

 various abrasive materials. The tests were made on wheels of 

 uniform size which were prepared under his personal super- 

 vision. The raw materials from which these wheels were made 

 were purchased in the open market. They were subjected to 

 tests carefully planned and watched, which were as nearly equal 

 for each wheel as it was possible to make them. The following 

 list gives the materials tested in the order of their cutting 

 quality.^ 



1 Diamond 



2 N. C, Jackson county, corundum 



3 N. C. and Ga. corundum, known as " Standard " 



4 Chester Mass. emery 



5 Best Turkish emery (Abbotstone) 



6 Bengal India emery 



7 Naxos emery 



8 Peekskill N. Y. emery 



9 Garnet. N. C, in chloritic matrix 



10 Carborundum 



11 Crushed steel 



12 Best flint quartz and ordinary garnet 



13 Common quartz and burstone, flint, sand, etc^ 



Scientific American, Supplement, Dec. 8, 1894. No. 



