38 Report of the State Geologist. 



increased considerably in amount and the crystalline rocks are 

 brought up. Thence northward they constitute the cliif along 

 the fault scarp and the Calcif erous and Trenton extend to the north- 

 westward by Salisbury Yillage and Diamond hill as terraces 

 surmounted by high hills of Utica slate. 



A typical section of the relations near the point at which the 

 scarp of crystalline rocks begins is shown in figure B, plate 3. 

 Farther northward the crystalline terrace widens greatly and 

 increases in height. The fault plane was not observed in this 

 region, but its presence is everywhere characterized by cliffs and 

 steep slopes of crystalline rocks over which, at Salisbury Center, 

 a branch of East Canada creek falls in a series of cascades aggre- 

 gating nearly a hundred feet in descent. The adjoining Utica 

 shales are seen at several points west of Dolgeville within fifty 

 yards of the fault, dipping to the eastward from 10° to 30°. 

 Just north of Salisbury Center the northward pitch of the 

 monocline east of the fault brings up the crystalline rocks as 

 shown in II in figure 3, and northward the fault is entirely in 

 crystalline robks. I followed it to a short distance above 

 Devereux where its presence is marked by a continuous line of 

 cliifs and steeper slopes. 



Faults on East Canada Creek. — There are two faults on and 

 near East Canada creek, and although their throws are not great 

 nor the effects particularly conspicuous, their features are so 

 clearly exposed that they are of special interest. They were 

 both described in considerable detail by Yanuxem in his report on 

 the Third Geological District. 



The southernmost fault crosses the Mohawk river at the 

 mouth of East Canada creek as shown in plate 2. On the north 

 side of the river there are, on the east bank of the East Canada 

 creek, nearly horizontal beds of Utica slate, and the west bank is 

 a cliff of Calcif erous. On the south side of the river the Utica 

 slate on the thrown side of the fault abuts against Birdseye 

 limestone. A short distance south, the Birdseye and Trenton 

 limestones pass beneath the Utica slate and the fault is lost in 

 the hills near Minden. The fault extends up East Canada creek 

 for about a mile when its trend changes to a course slightly more 

 eastward and it passes into the eastern bank of the creek. Here 

 the fault plane is superbly exposed at the foot of a long series of 



