50 Report of the State Geologist. 



miles in a line of cliffs and steep slopes of considerable promi- 

 nence. At a point about eight miles from the river, the m<jno 

 clinal dip, aided possibly by the increased amount of the fault, 

 brings up Totsdam sandstone. This formation emerges to a . 

 thickness of 100 feet near Galway, but the fault then decreases 

 somewhat in amount and extends into the crystalline area east 

 of Gdlway, where it becomes obscure. It is largely marked by a 

 heavy drift cover in this vicinity, and its relations are not well 

 known. A short distance south of Galway the fault sends off 

 three successive branches to the northeast. They are of the 

 same type as the main fault, with uplift on the western side, and 

 are clearly exhibited in the relations of two wedges of Trenton 

 limestone, the easternmost of which rises above the Utica slate 

 to the east along the scarp of the first fault. These relations 

 are shown near the left-hand end of section B, plate 3, and also 

 on plate 2, in both cases on a considerably exaggerated scale in 

 order to render them distinct. These faults appear to finally die 

 out to the northward, but there is much obscurity in this country 

 due to he ivy drift cover. Just south of East Galway there is a 

 small inclosed area of crystalline rocks with cliffs of Potsdam 

 sandstone just north, which is probably cut off by a continuation 

 of one of these faults. 



Saratoga Faults. — The fact was long ago recognized that the 

 springs at Saratoga issue along a line of dislocation which brings 

 up the Calciferous to a moderate altitude above the plain east- 

 ward. The Calciferous occupies a considerable area about Saratoga 

 and dips beneath the Trenton limestones to the southward. To 

 the northwest the dip brings up the Potsdam sandstone and 

 crystalline rocks in succession, but to the northeast these are cut 

 off by another fault along which the Calciferous abuts against 

 the crystalline rocks. Farther west there is another fault of 

 smaller. amount v^hich somewhat offsets the belts of the several 

 formations. 



I am informed by Mr. Walcott who is familiar with this region 

 that there is another fault in the western part of the village of 

 Saratoga which breaks the continuity of certain Calciferous 

 members for some distance, and Mr. McGee, who made a visit to 

 the region some years ago, states that, at that time, there was evi- 

 dence of a small branch fault extending from the Spring fault at 



