68 Repokt of the State Geologist. 



The basal limestone of the^ Hamilton is marked by a high fall 

 40 feet) at Big Hollow creek and several smaller ones elsewhere. 



The photographs were taken during the dry season of 1895, 

 and for that reason fail ta give a just impression of the beauty 

 which many of the glens display at other times. 



The view of the rock-wall (Portage shale and sandstone) at 

 Lodi (fig. 5) was taken from the top of the^opposite wall, looking 

 south. It includes a great part of the height or near 1 50 feet. 

 The fissures of the joints may be seen traversing equally the 

 upper (Portg^ge) and the lower (Genesee) rock. The front of the 

 waterfall, which is not given here, is so divided into blocks and 

 steps that when dry it can be ascended^to the top. The change 

 in tint from light to dark at a certain distance from the top indi- 

 cates the occurrence of shales resembling the Genesee in the 

 lower Portage. 



The cliff at King's Ferry (fig. 6), though outside of the county, 

 represents more perfectly than any other view known to me the 

 vertical cleavage of the Hamilton shale. The surfaces are not 

 weathered, but are fresh exposures made by widening the road- 

 bed of the railway. With these should be compared the view of 

 the Portage shales near ISTorth Hector (fig. 7), which show long 

 weathering. 



Alluvial Belt. 



The preceding descriptions apply only to the southern half of 

 the county, including the township of Yarick. The Cornif- 

 erous tract presents no ravine scenery ; the Salina only in 

 the lower part of Seneca river and a little of Black Brook. 

 In the north these districts are covered with drumlins, while 

 Waterloo, Seneca Falls and Fayette are chiefly an alluvial plain, 

 covered with clay, sand and swamp. 



The clay belt is two miles wide at East Geneva at the foot 

 of the lake, increasing to twice that width as it goes eastward. 

 Seneca river runs obliquely through it. Where exposed by sec- 

 tions the clay does not seem to exceed 10 or 12 feet in depth, and 

 is often much less. 



Sand is found inters tratified between upper and lower beds of 

 clay at Waterloo and near Geneva. It bounds the clay on the 

 north, covering a great part of Waterloo, except such tracts as 

 are swampy. IS'ear its southern limit it may often be observed 



