106 Report of the State Geologist. 



The most interesting section of clay lies a few rods beyond the 

 county limits, to- wit, in the north part of Geneva near the Lehigh 

 Valley station. The top of the bank is here 50 -f feet above the lake. 

 As this is a part of the clay sheet of Seneca county, I take leave 

 to describe it, using " red " and " blue " in their ordinary meaning. 



Section oe Clay, Tokret Paek, Geneva. 



Feet. 



Red clay at top, not showing lamination, not effervescing with 



H U 1 1 



Red clay, well laminated. Reaction to H CI, in the lower 1^ 



feet. Some little stones at 3-J-4^ feet 4 6 



Sand with some folia of red clay, mostly level stratification . . 9 14 



Purplish- blue and dark blue clay (running 60 feet), 6 inches 



thick. Sand, 6 inches » 1 16 



Purplish blue clay 4 inches, runs 90 feet. Mostly sand, 



about 5 feet 5 20 



The blue clays and the sand between them reacted to HCl. 

 This is the only blue clay in the belt from Geneva to Cayuga 

 lake, as far as seen, except at Thomas' quarry. Another typical 

 section gave the following : 



Inches. 



Clay of upper part unstratified in appearance. 



Lamination broadly seen at , , 20 



Reaction to H CI, none, down to 24 



Lamination quite plain, reacts well 26 



Concretionary layer (clay dogs) begins 30 



Tough quality of clay continues to 34 



Change to a lighter, buff clay containing much sand, reacting at 



all points - 44 



Continuing to 15 



These sections illustrate the effect of oxidation and leaching, 

 in the following points : 



Color, due to formation of hydrated iron peroxyd. 



Decalcification, to depth of two to three feet, indicated by 

 loss of reaction to HCl. 



Concretions, a usual phenomenon, at a little way below the 

 limit of decalcification. They are mostly from one to four inches 

 in size ; soft and impure ; of a Yery light chocolate color ; in the 

 form of disks, oddly grouped, placed horizontally, or of fingers, 

 placed vertically. 



Zoss of lamination, the upper clay becoming a uniform dark 

 chocolate mass, breaking in cubic forms. 



