﻿REPORT 
  OF 
  THE 
  STATE 
  ENTOMOLOGIST 
  247 
  

  

  Distribution. 
  

  

  The 
  ravages 
  of 
  this 
  insect 
  have 
  been 
  reported 
  from 
  the 
  Provinces 
  of 
  

   Ontario 
  and 
  Quebec, 
  and 
  from 
  the 
  following 
  states 
  : 
  Massachusetts, 
  

   Rhode 
  Island, 
  New 
  York, 
  New 
  Jersey, 
  Kentucky, 
  Ilhnois 
  and 
  Michigan. 
  

   In 
  all 
  probability 
  it 
  occurs 
  also 
  in 
  the 
  intervening 
  states 
  of 
  Pennsylvania, 
  

   Ohio 
  and 
  Indiana. 
  

  

  Parasites. 
  

  

  Several 
  parasites 
  have 
  been 
  bred 
  from 
  this 
  insect 
  or 
  the 
  species 
  asso- 
  

   ciated 
  with 
  it 
  in 
  infested 
  trees, 
  but 
  they 
  are 
  comparatively 
  few 
  in 
  number 
  

   and 
  can 
  therefore 
  be 
  of 
  little 
  importance 
  in 
  keeping 
  this 
  pest 
  or 
  its 
  

   associates 
  in 
  check. 
  The 
  parasites 
  apparently 
  have 
  not 
  been 
  identified 
  

   or 
  referred 
  positively 
  to 
  the 
  proper 
  host. 
  

  

  Remedies. 
  

  

  Badly 
  infested 
  trees 
  should 
  be 
  cut 
  and 
  the 
  wood 
  burned 
  or 
  the 
  grubs 
  

   within 
  destroyed 
  in 
  the 
  winter 
  or 
  early 
  spring 
  before 
  they 
  have 
  had 
  an 
  

   opportunity 
  to 
  escape 
  and 
  perpetuate 
  their 
  kind. 
  

  

  Jf 
  the 
  attack 
  has 
  not 
  proceeded 
  too 
  far, 
  protection 
  may 
  probably 
  be 
  

   obtained 
  by 
  coating 
  the 
  bark 
  with 
  some 
  thick 
  repellent 
  substance 
  (of 
  

   which 
  carbolic 
  acid 
  and 
  Paris 
  green 
  should 
  be 
  components) 
  that 
  would 
  

   repel 
  egg 
  deposit 
  or 
  prevent 
  the 
  entrance 
  of 
  the 
  newly 
  hatched 
  larvae. 
  

   This 
  coating 
  need 
  not 
  be 
  applied 
  to 
  the 
  entire 
  trunk, 
  but 
  might 
  be 
  limited 
  

   to 
  a 
  broad 
  zone 
  of 
  several 
  feet, 
  at 
  and 
  beyond 
  that 
  part 
  where 
  the 
  bur- 
  

   rows 
  of 
  the 
  preceding 
  year 
  were 
  mainly 
  run 
  — 
  to 
  be 
  found 
  by 
  removing 
  

   portions 
  of 
  the 
  bark, 
  which 
  will 
  readily 
  scale 
  off 
  from 
  the 
  older 
  infested 
  

   portions. 
  

  

  A 
  still 
  better 
  remedy, 
  probably, 
  would 
  be 
  the 
  following 
  : 
  Remove 
  the 
  

   outer 
  bark 
  from 
  the 
  entire 
  infested 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  tree 
  in 
  the 
  spring 
  

   (occupied 
  at 
  the 
  time 
  by 
  the 
  larvae 
  or 
  the 
  pupae) 
  by 
  shaving 
  it 
  dov/n 
  to 
  

   the 
  inner 
  bark 
  until 
  the 
  first 
  indications 
  of 
  the 
  fresh 
  burrows 
  are 
  disclosed. 
  

   A 
  kerosene 
  emulsion 
  of 
  good 
  strength 
  brushed 
  over 
  the 
  shaven 
  surface 
  

   would 
  kill 
  the 
  insects, 
  after 
  which 
  a 
  coating 
  of 
  some 
  thick 
  substance, 
  as 
  

   lime 
  and 
  cow-dung, 
  should 
  be 
  applied 
  to 
  prevent 
  the 
  splitting 
  of 
  the 
  sap- 
  

   wood 
  from 
  exposure 
  to 
  the 
  sun, 
  drying 
  winds 
  or 
  extreme 
  weather. 
  

  

  That 
  the 
  barking 
  of 
  elms 
  to 
  even 
  a 
  greater 
  extent 
  than 
  the 
  above 
  may 
  

   safely 
  be 
  resorted 
  to, 
  appears 
  from 
  experiments 
  made 
  in 
  France 
  by 
  M. 
  

   Robert, 
  detailed 
  in 
  the 
  Garde7iers' 
  Chronicle 
  and 
  Agricultural 
  Gazette^ 
  

   for 
  April 
  29th, 
  1848, 
  and 
  quoted 
  by 
  Dr. 
  Packard 
  in 
  his 
  report 
  on 
  " 
  Insects 
  

   Injurious 
  to 
  Forest 
  and 
  Shade 
  Trees 
  " 
  (1890), 
  as 
  follows 
  : 
  

  

  