﻿REPORT 
  OF 
  THE 
  STATE 
  ENTOMOLOGIST 
  2/9 
  

  

  In 
  New 
  Jersey 
  they 
  were 
  observed 
  in 
  every 
  county 
  in 
  the 
  state, 
  accord- 
  

   ing 
  to 
  Dr. 
  Smith, 
  ahhough 
  it 
  was 
  only 
  in 
  the 
  eastern 
  portion 
  that 
  they 
  

   were 
  abundant. 
  They 
  were 
  the 
  most 
  generally 
  distributed 
  in 
  Bergen, 
  Hud- 
  

   son, 
  Essex, 
  Union 
  and 
  Morris 
  counties. 
  From 
  Pennsylvania 
  reports 
  

   of 
  its 
  presence 
  were 
  received 
  from 
  Tunkhannock 
  and 
  Blue 
  Mountain. 
  

  

  Distribution 
  of 
  the 
  variety 
  Cassinii. 
  

   In 
  response 
  to 
  the 
  inquiry 
  instituted 
  by 
  me 
  in 
  a 
  circular 
  distributed 
  

   in 
  June, 
  1894 
  (republished 
  in 
  my 
  loth 
  Report, 
  pp. 
  420-425) 
  of 
  the 
  

   occurrence 
  of 
  the 
  above-named 
  variety, 
  a 
  few 
  replies 
  only 
  were 
  returned, 
  

   their 
  small 
  number 
  doubtless 
  not 
  indicating 
  the 
  absence 
  of 
  the 
  variety, 
  

   but 
  more 
  probably 
  their 
  non-recognition 
  by 
  the 
  ordinary 
  observer. 
  None 
  

   were 
  observed 
  at 
  Nyack, 
  Ban 
  gall 
  or 
  Hillsdale. 
  A 
  few 
  were 
  seen 
  by 
  Mr. 
  

   Livingston 
  at 
  Clermont, 
  and 
  at 
  Clarksville, 
  Mr. 
  Bagley 
  reported 
  about 
  

   an 
  equal 
  number 
  — 
  Cassinii 
  being 
  rather 
  the 
  more 
  numerous. 
  

  

  Time 
  of 
  Appearance 
  and 
  Continuance 
  of 
  the 
  Brood. 
  

  

  The 
  regularity 
  of 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  the 
  appearance 
  and 
  disappearance 
  of 
  this 
  

   insect 
  is 
  remarkable 
  when 
  its 
  long 
  term 
  of 
  life 
  is 
  considered.* 
  Both 
  

   in 
  this 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  adjoining 
  states 
  of 
  Connecticut 
  and 
  New 
  Jersey, 
  it 
  was 
  

   quite 
  true 
  to 
  its 
  appointed 
  time 
  — 
  the 
  first 
  examples 
  of 
  the 
  perfect 
  insect 
  

   being 
  seen 
  the 
  week 
  following 
  the 
  20th 
  of 
  May.f 
  The 
  peculiar 
  cry 
  of 
  

   the 
  male 
  which 
  has 
  been 
  often 
  described, 
  was 
  first 
  heard 
  late 
  in 
  May 
  

   in 
  some 
  places, 
  and 
  in 
  others 
  not 
  until 
  June 
  15th, 
  and 
  continued 
  

   until 
  July 
  ist 
  in 
  some 
  localities, 
  and 
  in 
  others 
  until 
  the 
  i6th, 
  from 
  indi- 
  

   viduals 
  which 
  were 
  the 
  last 
  to 
  mature. 
  None 
  were 
  reported 
  as 
  having 
  

   been 
  seen 
  after 
  the 
  20th 
  of 
  July. 
  Thus 
  the 
  entire 
  time 
  during 
  v.hich 
  

   living 
  adults 
  were 
  to 
  be 
  found 
  hardly 
  exceeded 
  two 
  months. 
  

  

  Pupae 
  were 
  first 
  seen 
  by 
  Miss 
  Emily 
  Morton, 
  of 
  New 
  Windsor, 
  in 
  the 
  

   early 
  part 
  of 
  March 
  and 
  during 
  April 
  as 
  they 
  dug 
  their 
  way 
  through 
  the 
  

   soil 
  of 
  a 
  green-house 
  on 
  the 
  heights 
  of 
  Storm-Kill 
  mountain. 
  

  

  The 
  Cicada 
  Chambers. 
  

   The 
  interest 
  aroused 
  by 
  the 
  advent 
  of 
  this 
  brood 
  was 
  greatly 
  augmented 
  

   by 
  the 
  discovery 
  of 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  places 
  in 
  this 
  State 
  of 
  their 
  peculiar 
  clay 
  

  

  *As 
  an 
  exception 
  to 
  this 
  marked 
  regularity, 
  Dr. 
  Riley 
  has 
  stated: 
  "The 
  Periodical 
  Cicada 
  

   frequently 
  appears 
  in 
  small 
  numbers,' 
  and 
  more 
  rarely 
  in 
  large 
  numbers, 
  a 
  year 
  before 
  or 
  a 
  year 
  

   after 
  its 
  proper 
  period." 
  

  

  tThe 
  actual 
  time 
  of 
  appearance 
  is 
  governed 
  to 
  a 
  certain 
  extent, 
  not 
  only 
  by 
  temperature, 
  but 
  

   largely 
  by 
  the 
  character 
  and 
  condition 
  of 
  the 
  soil. 
  At 
  New 
  Haven 
  it 
  was 
  observed 
  that 
  they 
  

   issued 
  earliest 
  on 
  the 
  rocky 
  heights 
  where 
  there 
  were 
  but 
  a 
  few 
  inches 
  of 
  stony 
  soil, 
  and 
  the 
  latest 
  

   to 
  appear 
  came 
  from 
  the 
  moist 
  ground 
  of 
  a 
  fruit 
  garden. 
  

  

  