﻿292 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  Cynipid 
  gall 
  from 
  China 
  and 
  Japan, 
  viz. 
  from 
  60 
  to 
  70 
  per 
  cent, 
  or 
  about 
  

   three 
  times 
  as 
  much 
  as 
  is 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  foliage. 
  Thus 
  it 
  would 
  appear 
  

   that 
  the 
  irritation 
  of 
  the 
  tissues 
  by 
  the 
  insects 
  causes 
  a 
  concentration 
  of 
  

   the 
  tannin 
  in 
  the 
  affected 
  parts. 
  

  

  Distribution. 
  

  

  The 
  galls 
  of 
  this 
  insect 
  are 
  apparently 
  not 
  of 
  common 
  occurrence, 
  or 
  

   possibly 
  it 
  should 
  be 
  said, 
  they 
  are 
  not 
  frequently 
  observed, 
  since 
  they 
  

   are 
  rarely 
  if 
  ever 
  found 
  on 
  sumacs 
  standing 
  where 
  they 
  are 
  exposed 
  to 
  

   the 
  sun. 
  

  

  They 
  have 
  been 
  recorded 
  from 
  New 
  Jersey, 
  and 
  from 
  several 
  localities 
  

   in 
  New 
  York, 
  Illinois, 
  and 
  Minnesota. 
  The 
  species 
  probably 
  has 
  a 
  

   much 
  wider, 
  though 
  local, 
  distribution. 
  According 
  to 
  Dr. 
  Fitch, 
  it 
  was 
  

   rare 
  in 
  New 
  York, 
  for 
  in 
  describing 
  it 
  in 
  the 
  year 
  1866 
  he 
  states 
  that 
  he 
  

   had 
  not 
  met 
  with 
  it 
  during 
  the 
  nine 
  preceding 
  years, 
  although 
  he 
  had 
  

   diligently 
  searched 
  for 
  fresh 
  specimens, 
  and 
  was 
  compelled 
  to 
  fall 
  back 
  

   on 
  those 
  gathered 
  in 
  1857 
  for 
  its 
  description. 
  Examples 
  in 
  the 
  state 
  

   collection 
  from 
  which 
  the 
  figure 
  was 
  taken 
  were 
  received 
  on 
  Sep- 
  

   tember 
  7, 
  1886, 
  from 
  Schenectady, 
  N. 
  Y., 
  and 
  others 
  from 
  CHn- 
  

   ton, 
  N. 
  Y., 
  were 
  received 
  in 
  September 
  1894. 
  They 
  have 
  not 
  come 
  

   under 
  my 
  observation 
  in 
  the 
  field. 
  

  

  Gossyparia 
  ulmi 
  (Geoff.). 
  

  

  The 
  Em- 
  Tree 
  Bark-louse, 
  

  

  (Ord. 
  Hemiptera 
  : 
  Subord. 
  Homoptera 
  : 
  Fam. 
  C0CCID.E.) 
  

  

  Geoffrey: 
  Histoire 
  Abregee 
  des 
  Insectes, 
  i, 
  1762, 
  pp. 
  512-513 
  (de- 
  

   scribed, 
  as 
  Coccus 
  ubni). 
  

  

  Howard 
  : 
  in 
  Insect 
  Life, 
  ii, 
  i88g, 
  pp. 
  34-41, 
  figs. 
  1-5 
  (general 
  account). 
  

  

  Jack, 
  J. 
  G. 
  : 
  in 
  Garden 
  and 
  Forest, 
  ii, 
  1889, 
  p. 
  461, 
  fig. 
  129 
  (at 
  Boston, 
  

   Mass., 
  life-history, 
  remedies) 
  ; 
  in 
  id., 
  iv, 
  1891, 
  p. 
  184 
  (distribu- 
  

   tion, 
  injuries, 
  remedies). 
  

  

  Lintner: 
  6th 
  Rept. 
  Ins. 
  N, 
  Y., 
  1890, 
  p. 
  189 
  (at 
  Marlboro 
  and 
  Albany, 
  

   N. 
  Y.); 
  loth 
  do., 
  1895, 
  p. 
  519 
  (abundant 
  at 
  Ghent, 
  N. 
  Y.); 
  in 
  

   Country 
  Gent., 
  Ix, 
  1895, 
  p. 
  425 
  (on 
  willow 
  at 
  Loudonville), 
  

   p. 
  585 
  (identified) 
  ; 
  in 
  Bull. 
  6 
  New 
  Ser., 
  Divis. 
  EntomoL, 
  U. 
  S. 
  

   Dept. 
  Agricul., 
  1896, 
  pp. 
  60-61 
  (distribution 
  in 
  the 
  state); 
  nth 
  

   Rept. 
  Ins. 
  N. 
  Y., 
  1896, 
  p. 
  280 
  (abstract 
  of 
  C.-G. 
  notice), 
  p. 
  287 
  

   (from 
  Loudonville, 
  Albany, 
  and 
  Catskill, 
  N. 
  Y.). 
  

  

  Perkins: 
  Insects 
  Inj. 
  Amer. 
  Elm, 
  from 
  nth 
  Rept. 
  Vt. 
  St. 
  Bd. 
  Agricul., 
  

   1890, 
  pp. 
  81-87, 
  ^gs. 
  61-64 
  (general 
  account). 
  

  

  