﻿REPORT 
  OF 
  THE 
  STATE 
  ENTOMOLOGIST 
  297 
  

  

  able 
  place 
  on 
  which 
  to 
  settle. 
  This 
  is 
  especially 
  true 
  of 
  the 
  males, 
  as 
  their 
  

   snow-white 
  cocoons 
  are 
  more 
  rarely 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  center 
  of 
  a 
  mass 
  of 
  

   the 
  females 
  than 
  at 
  the 
  ends 
  of 
  dry 
  twigs 
  and 
  other 
  places 
  unsuitable 
  for 
  

   the 
  opposite 
  sex. 
  An 
  abundant 
  secretion 
  of 
  honey-dew 
  occurs 
  from 
  the 
  

   time 
  the 
  insects 
  resume 
  their 
  activity 
  in 
  the 
  spring 
  until 
  near 
  tlie 
  time 
  

   that 
  the 
  youno; 
  appear. 
  The 
  males 
  remain 
  in 
  the 
  pupa 
  state 
  for 
  a 
  few 
  

   days 
  only. 
  A 
  few 
  pseudimagos 
  em.erge 
  first 
  (about 
  six 
  days 
  after 
  pupa- 
  

   tion), 
  which 
  are 
  followed 
  a 
  week 
  later 
  by 
  the 
  perfect 
  males. 
  These 
  soon 
  

   perish 
  after 
  pairing, 
  — 
  the 
  young 
  not 
  appearing 
  until 
  over 
  two 
  months 
  

   later 
  as 
  indicated 
  above. 
  Soon 
  after 
  pairing, 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  marked 
  "difference 
  

   in 
  the 
  features 
  of 
  the 
  female. 
  Her 
  form 
  changes 
  from 
  elliptical 
  to 
  oval, 
  

   the 
  secretion 
  of 
  the 
  wax 
  is 
  more 
  copious 
  and 
  is 
  mainly 
  from 
  the 
  lateral 
  

   spines 
  instead 
  of 
  from 
  both 
  lateral 
  and 
  dorsal 
  as 
  during 
  the 
  early 
  autumn. 
  

  

  Means 
  of 
  Distribution. 
  

   The 
  comparatively 
  recent 
  introduction 
  of 
  this 
  pest 
  and 
  the 
  establish- 
  

   ment 
  of 
  its 
  colonies 
  in 
  distant 
  states, 
  show 
  very 
  clearly 
  how 
  great 
  a 
  factor 
  

   the 
  shipment 
  of 
  nursery 
  stock 
  maybe 
  in 
  the 
  distribution 
  of 
  injurious 
  

   insects. 
  The 
  rapid 
  spread 
  of 
  this 
  insect 
  in 
  eastern 
  cities 
  where 
  it 
  has 
  

   obtained 
  a 
  foothold 
  is 
  surprising, 
  and 
  must 
  be 
  largely 
  attributed 
  to 
  other 
  

   means. 
  It 
  was 
  not 
  discovered 
  in 
  Albany 
  until 
  1889. 
  In 
  the 
  short 
  space 
  

   of 
  seven 
  or 
  eight 
  years 
  it 
  has 
  spread 
  to 
  a 
  large 
  number 
  of 
  trees 
  in 
  all 
  

   parts 
  of 
  this 
  city 
  and 
  of 
  Troy, 
  where 
  it 
  is 
  so 
  generally 
  distributed 
  that 
  

   perhaps 
  three-fourths 
  or 
  even 
  a 
  greater 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  elms 
  are 
  infested 
  to 
  

   some 
  extent 
  by 
  it. 
  It 
  is 
  by 
  no 
  means 
  easy 
  to 
  explain 
  how 
  this 
  spread 
  was 
  

   effected 
  unless 
  through 
  the 
  agency 
  of 
  birds. 
  That 
  notorious 
  public 
  pest, 
  

   the 
  English 
  sparrow, 
  has 
  undoubtedly 
  been 
  an 
  important 
  agent 
  in 
  its 
  distri- 
  

   bution. 
  It 
  is 
  but 
  the 
  work 
  of 
  a 
  moment 
  for 
  the 
  active 
  young 
  to 
  crawl 
  upon 
  

   the 
  foot 
  of 
  a 
  bird 
  touching 
  the 
  limb, 
  and 
  leave 
  it 
  at 
  any 
  later 
  time. 
  

   Many 
  infested 
  trees 
  are 
  so 
  isolated, 
  that 
  there 
  must 
  be 
  some 
  such 
  means 
  

   for 
  the 
  conveyance 
  of 
  the 
  wingless 
  forms 
  from 
  one 
  tree 
  to 
  another. 
  It 
  

   is 
  possible 
  that 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  immature 
  insects 
  falling 
  with 
  the 
  leaves 
  in 
  the 
  

   autumn 
  may 
  survive 
  the 
  winter 
  and 
  found 
  colonies 
  in 
  new 
  localities 
  to 
  

   which 
  the 
  leaves 
  are 
  carried 
  by 
  the 
  winds 
  ; 
  but 
  this 
  means 
  of 
  distri- 
  

   bution 
  would 
  at 
  best 
  be 
  quite 
  limited 
  and 
  uncertain, 
  and 
  by 
  no 
  means 
  

   could 
  account 
  for 
  the 
  spread 
  of 
  the 
  wingless 
  female 
  throughout 
  so 
  

   many 
  states 
  in 
  less 
  than 
  a 
  score 
  of 
  years. 
  

  

  