﻿64 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  base. 
  Some 
  convex 
  sided 
  arrow-heads, 
  as 
  has 
  been 
  said, 
  are 
  drawn 
  

   out 
  into 
  a 
  slender 
  point, 
  suggesting 
  a 
  perforator, 
  and 
  there 
  are 
  rude 
  

   specimens, 
  perhaps 
  used 
  for 
  temporary 
  purposes. 
  One 
  of 
  these 
  

   forms, 
  not 
  rare, 
  is 
  a 
  slender 
  splinter 
  of 
  hornstone, 
  triangular 
  in 
  sec- 
  

   tion, 
  and 
  chipped 
  so 
  as 
  to 
  present 
  three 
  faces 
  on 
  the 
  shaft. 
  In 
  such 
  

   cases 
  the 
  base 
  is 
  sometimes 
  left 
  unaltered. 
  

  

  While 
  perforators 
  are 
  widely 
  distributed, 
  from 
  the 
  Atlantic 
  to 
  the 
  

   Pacific, 
  their 
  most 
  ornamental 
  development 
  seems 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  in 
  

   Missouri, 
  where 
  they 
  grade 
  into 
  animal 
  forms. 
  This 
  gives 
  counten- 
  

   ance 
  to 
  the 
  idea 
  that 
  some 
  may 
  have 
  been 
  used 
  merely 
  as 
  ornaments, 
  

   a 
  remark 
  which 
  will 
  not 
  apply 
  to 
  all. 
  

  

  SCRAPERS 
  

  

  The 
  typical 
  scraper 
  has 
  one 
  flattened 
  side, 
  usually 
  formed 
  by 
  one 
  

   or 
  two 
  broad 
  flakings 
  ; 
  and 
  another, 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  elevated 
  or 
  ridged, 
  

   which 
  is 
  beveled 
  down 
  to 
  the 
  other 
  surface. 
  It 
  is 
  often 
  combined 
  

   with 
  the 
  knife 
  or 
  drill, 
  especially 
  in 
  implements 
  approaching 
  the 
  leaf 
  

   shape, 
  or 
  in 
  distinctly 
  curved 
  knives. 
  Scrapers 
  are 
  often 
  very 
  rude, 
  

   some 
  being 
  made 
  of 
  flat 
  pieces 
  of 
  hornstone, 
  merely 
  chipped 
  down 
  

   to 
  a 
  scraper 
  edge. 
  Sometimes 
  other 
  flat 
  siliceous 
  stones 
  were 
  utilized 
  

   in 
  the 
  same 
  way, 
  resulting 
  in 
  rude 
  and 
  unusually 
  large 
  implements 
  

   of 
  this 
  kind. 
  Many 
  were 
  made 
  of 
  broken 
  arrows, 
  in 
  which 
  case 
  the 
  

   under 
  surface 
  may 
  be 
  quite 
  dehcately 
  chipped. 
  This 
  secondary 
  use 
  

   may 
  be 
  the 
  reason 
  why 
  they 
  were 
  so 
  long 
  overlooked 
  here, 
  as 
  they 
  

   were 
  not 
  attractive 
  articles 
  to 
  collect 
  until 
  their 
  true 
  nature 
  was 
  

   known. 
  

  

  Many 
  of 
  them 
  may 
  have 
  been 
  used 
  in 
  handles, 
  as 
  in 
  comparatively 
  

   recent 
  times 
  elsewhere, 
  but 
  others 
  were 
  so 
  large 
  as 
  not 
  to 
  require 
  

   these. 
  Carved 
  handles 
  of 
  horn 
  or 
  bone 
  have 
  been 
  occasionally 
  found, 
  

   but 
  these 
  may 
  have 
  belonged 
  to 
  other 
  implements, 
  as 
  they 
  came 
  from 
  

   Iroquoian 
  sites, 
  and 
  that 
  great 
  family 
  knew 
  little 
  of 
  stone 
  scrapers 
  or 
  

   perforators. 
  Absence 
  of 
  such 
  handles 
  in 
  other 
  places, 
  however, 
  

   proves 
  nothing, 
  as 
  horn 
  or 
  bone 
  articles 
  quickly 
  decayed 
  except 
  in 
  

   fireplaces 
  and 
  refuse 
  heaps. 
  It 
  is 
  still 
  more 
  likely, 
  in 
  a 
  forest 
  land, 
  

   that 
  handles 
  would 
  have 
  been 
  made 
  of 
  wood. 
  Small 
  scrapers 
  would 
  

   often 
  require 
  handles 
  of 
  some 
  kind, 
  but 
  the 
  larger 
  ones 
  might 
  not. 
  

  

  