258 '^^^ Philippine Journal of Science 



cubic centimeters. Children are given proportionate doses. On 

 the first day one third of the dose is given three times in 120 

 cubic centimeters of water; on the second day, one dose twice; 

 and on succeeding days, one dose three times daily. Adminis- 

 tration of the formula is continued over from ten to fifteen days, 

 and after an interval of from five to ten days is repeated for 

 from five to fifteen days more. Of the 43 Filipino cases in which 

 the treatment was continued, 24 completely recovered, 7 showed 

 improvement of symptoms, 5 had relapses in two to five months 

 after the lesions had entirely healed, and 7 showed no improve- 

 ment. The results confirm Castellani's observation that the 

 diverse manifestations of yaws heal under the influence of this 

 formula. The treatment is particularly effective in recent infec- 

 tions. We believe that the continuation of the treatment after 

 the lesions have healed (from five to ten days' treatment with 

 intervals of from ten to fifteen days) will insure a permanent 

 cure. 



BONE AND JOINT LESIONS OF YAWS WITH X-RAY FINDINGS IN 



TWENTY CASES 



By Capt. Herman G. Maul 



Painful bone and joint involvements occurring in some cases 

 of yaws were seen in the barrios of Las Pinas and Paraiia- 

 que, Philippine Islands. Through the courtesies of Drs. Luis 

 Guerrero, E. Domingo, and M. Arguelles, arrangements were 

 perfected by which a group of one hundred cases of yaws was 

 collected for study. The diagnoses of these cases were made by 

 the histories, by clinical symptoms and manifestations, and by 

 the demonstration of Treponema pertenue under the dark-field 

 microscope in the cases where an open lesion was present and 

 by a careful history of those without open lesions, so as to remove 

 any doubt as to the diagnosis. Twenty per cent of the cases of 

 this group of patients, as they presented themselves for treat- 

 ment, suffered from bone and joint lesions. These patients were 

 persuaded to come to the Department Hospital, Manila, for X-ray 

 pictures and treatment. A roentgenological survey of all the 

 bones of the body was made of each case, regardless of whether 

 or not the patient complained of pain in the part X-rayed. 

 Subsequent X-ray pictures were made in order to follow the 

 progress of the lesions under treatment. In the majority of 

 case§ the lesions show as rarefied areas, irregularly oval or 

 elliptical in shape, with the long axis " parallel to that of the 

 bone in which the lesions are located. The size varies from 



