216 The Philippine Journal of Science isie 



Although these facts were reported by Doctor Youngberg to the 

 Bureau of Agriculture, the essential point of the possibility of 

 hogs being the prime factor in the introduction of this disease 

 was unfortunately overlooked by the authorities in charge. 



The definite connection between rinderpest in cattle and in 

 carabaos and the ailment in pigs was overlooked, because the 

 mortality, as a rule, was not high among the pigs; the native 

 pig is not a very thrifty-appearing individual ; and swine plague, 

 hog cholera, kidney-worm infestation, and Balantidium coli suis 

 are very prevalent throughout the Islands. It was supposed 

 that the pigs were suffering from one or more of the above- 

 mentioned diseases and that their unthriftiness was magnified 

 by the fact that all animals in infected areas under quarantine 

 were watched much more closely by the veterinarians and the 

 livestock inspectors in charge than in rinderpest-free districts. 



During 1914, while I was on vacation, hog cholera broke out 

 among the pigs at the Bureau of Agriculture stock farm at 

 Alabang, Rizal Province. Mr. Thomas L. Bean, assistant in the 

 veterinary research laboratory, made the hog-cholera serum and 

 immunized these pigs. Upon completing this work, Mr. Bean 

 left six pigs hyperimmunized to hog cholera at the labora> 

 tory. These six pigs were exposed separately to cattle sick 

 with rinderpest, as will be noted in experiments 43 to 48 in 

 this paper, and each one developed symptoms similar to those 

 caused by rinderpest in cattle. 



There is but little literature upon the subject of rinderpest 

 in swine, and this little is contradictory. 



Carre and Fraimbault,(2) in the course of research work 

 upon rinderpest in Indo-China, performed some experiments 

 upon pigs. They demonstrated the possibility of transmitting 

 rinderpest from pig to pig by contact, as well as by blood 

 inoculation. They also demonstrated that it was possible to 

 transmit rinderpest by blood inoculation from bull to pig and 

 from pig to bull. Carre and Fraimbault alsoi mention that 

 M. Leblanc had found rinderpest among peccaries in 1886 and 

 that Penning had announced the transmission of rinderpest to 

 the wild boar. 



Friedberger and Frohner(3) mention Pluning as having no- 

 ticed rinderpest in swine in Sumatra and that the symptoms 

 and lesions were the same as those found in cattle. The same 

 authors mention Theiler as being unable to transmit rinderpest 

 to swine by inoculating them with blood from rinderpest-sick 

 cattle. 



