xin, D. 5 Haughwout: Protozoa of Manila and Vicinity: I 195 



Subphylum S ARC ODIN A — ^Continued. 



the axial filament. They range in form from those that are little 

 more than minute masses of protoplasm to. forms having elaborate 

 shells, tests, and skeletal structures. They have no affiliations with 

 the bacteria. 

 Class Rhizopoda. — The pseudopodia have no axial filaments and may be 

 lobose, filose, or reticulose. 

 Subclass Proteomyxa. — Minute forms having soft, miscible pseudopodia. 

 These anastomose when in contact with each other. Plasmodium 

 formation may occur. This subclass includes many parasitic forms. 

 Typical genus, Plasmodiophora Woronin, 1878. 

 Subclass Mycetozoa. — Single cells having pseudopodia. These fre- 

 quently fuse to form complex plasmodia. This group is claimed 

 by the botanists because of the fungi characteristics shown. 

 Order Acrasiae. — A pseudoplasmodium is formed through the union 

 of the single cells. The cells do not fuse. This results in the 

 formation of a Plasmodium inclosed in a gelatinous mantle. 

 Typical genus, Copromyxa Zopf, 1885. 

 Order Filoplasmodia. — There is no firm union of the cells. The con- 

 nection is maintained by delicate protoplasmic threads. Typical 

 genus, Labyrinthula Cienkowsky, 1876. 

 Order Myxomycetes. — The cells are completely aggregated. This 

 often leads to the formation of complex fructifications in which 

 the spores, which are frequently flagellated, are scattered by 

 the aid of hygroscopic threads. Typical genus, Fuligo Haller, 

 1768. 

 Subclass Foraminifera. — The classification here follows that of Lister 

 (1903). The classification of this group is very difficult, it being 

 possible to place some genera under the order Testacea with 

 perfect propriety. The pseudopodia are fine, branching, and fre- 

 quently anastomose. The shells may be chitinous, calcareous, sili- 

 ceous, gelatinous, or arenaceous; frequently they are very complex. 

 The Foraminifera includes a large number of marine forms, some 

 of them pelagic, others abyssal. Many creep about the surface, 

 while some are sedentary. The shells may have many pores 

 (Perforina), or may be without pores (Imperforina) . They may 

 be single-chambered (Monothalamous) or consist of many cham- 

 bers (Polythalamous). 

 Order Gromiida. — The shells are single-chambered, chitinous, and 

 generally without calcareous deposit. Simple in structure. 

 Does not include the fresh-water testate forms. Typical genus, 

 Gromia Dujardim, 1835. 

 Order Astrorhizida. — Arenaceous shells formed of particles of sand, 

 mud, sponge spicules, etC;, built up on a chitin base. The test 

 is monothalamous, composite, and large. Lister groups four 

 families under this order. Typical genus, Astrorhiza Sandahl, 

 1857. 

 Order Lituolida. — Arenaceous shells which are usually regular, 

 mono- or polythalamous. According to Lister it comprises sandy 

 isomorphs of hyaline or porcellaneous forms. Lister recognizes 

 four families. Typical genus, Lituola Lamarck, 1801. 



