X, A, 6 Cox and Dar Juan: Salt Industry and Resources 389 



small amount of a poor grade of salt by evaporating water from 

 the carbonated brackish springs at Mayinit, Bontoc; Tukukan, 

 Ahin, and Bungubungna, If ugao ; and Salinas, Nueva Vizcaya. 



Table III. — Chemical analysis of some waters used for the preparation of 



salt. 



[Numbers give parts per thousand.] 



Source. 



Ahinan Spring, west flow of Gua^ 



dalupe crater 



Tukukan Spring 



Ahin Spring 



Mayinit hot spring 



Balatok Spring 



Malabon estero 



Paranaque estero 











Potas- 



Iron and 





Magne- 





sium cal- 



alumi- 



Calcium 



Potasium 



culated 



nium 



oxide 



oxide 

 (MgO). 



oxide 



as potas- 



oxide 



(CaO). 



(K2O). 



sium 



(R2O3). 







chloride 











(KCl). 



trace 



4.022 



0.049 



0.085 



0.135 



0.003 



0.333 



0.066 



0.919 



1.454 



0.027 



0.618 



0.255 



1.242 



1.965 



0.088 



0.128 



0.001 



0.023 



0.036 



0.085 



0.868 



0.007 



1.580 



2.500 



0.036 



0.854 



2.078 



0.717 



1.134 



0.028 



0.654 



1.025 



0.764 



1.209 



Sodium 



oxide 



(Na20). 



6.488 

 2.334 

 5.021 

 0.457 

 8.688 

 14.15 

 13.18 



Source. 



Sodium 

 calcu- 

 lated as 

 sodium 

 chloride 

 (NaCl). 



Silica 

 (Si02). 



Chlorine 

 (CI). 



Sulphu- 

 ric acid 

 radical 

 (SO4). 



Carbonic 

 acid radi- 

 cal (CO3). 



Bro- 

 mine 

 (Br). 



Ahinan Spring, west flow of Gua- 

 dalupe crater 



Tukukan Spring,.. 



Ahin Spring ._ 



Mayinit hot spring 



Balatoc Spring 



Malabon estero 



Paraiiaque estero 



10.340 



4.397 



9.461 



0.861 



16. 370 



26. 660 



24. 830 



0.023 

 0.103 

 0.106 

 0.195 

 0.317 

 0.024 

 0.008 



11.09 

 3.33 

 6.89 

 0.75 

 11.59 

 20.96 

 18.84 



8.468 

 0.035 

 0.151 

 0.295 

 0.236 

 2.626 

 2.780 



0.208 



0.185 

 0.243 



It is not known just when the salt springs were discovered. 

 The supply of brine varies in quantity and in strength. In some 

 places it is not large and of little or no present economic value, 

 but it could probably be developed. The result of the abnormal 

 price is that in certain places at certain times of the year the 

 entire supply of brine is used by operators who take turns at 

 the spring. 



Most of the plants now used are very much like those described 

 in ancient history. They consist of a few cauas, obtained from 

 the Ilocanos, mounted on crude furnaces built of stone and clay. 

 There are no furnaces with a large number of kettles, and often 

 there is only one kettle to a furnace. At present there is little 

 attention paid to the economy of heat, although eventually the 



