﻿574 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  An 
  idea 
  of 
  the 
  deptli 
  of 
  clay 
  and 
  alluvium 
  in 
  the 
  Genesee 
  valley 
  

   may 
  be 
  had 
  from 
  the 
  following 
  table. 
  The 
  figures 
  have 
  been 
  taken 
  

   from 
  the 
  records 
  of 
  salt 
  wells. 
  

  

  York^ 
  York 
  salt 
  co. 
  Clay 
  52 
  ft 
  

  

  Piffard^ 
  Genesee 
  salt 
  co. 
  Clay 
  and 
  gravel 
  64 
  ft 
  

  

  *' 
  Livingston 
  salt 
  CO. 
  ''Soil"^ 
  158 
  ft 
  

  

  Cuylerville^ 
  ^' 
  Soil 
  " 
  184 
  ft 
  

  

  Mt 
  Morris^ 
  Koyal 
  salt 
  co. 
  "Soil" 
  > 
  191ft 
  

   For 
  other 
  localities 
  the 
  following 
  depths 
  are 
  given. 
  

  

  Aurora^ 
  Blue 
  clay 
  15 
  ft 
  

  

  Wyoming^ 
  Pioneer 
  well 
  Soil 
  and 
  clay 
  40 
  ft 
  

  

  Warsaw^ 
  Standard 
  salt 
  co. 
  Surface, 
  soil 
  and 
  

  

  clay 
  26 
  ft 
  

  

  " 
  Gouinlock 
  and 
  Humphrey 
  clay 
  17 
  ft 
  

  

  There 
  are 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  these 
  deposits 
  which 
  are 
  of 
  sufiS-cient 
  in- 
  

   terest, 
  geologically 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  commercially, 
  to 
  be 
  mentioned 
  in 
  some 
  

   detail. 
  

  

  At 
  Dunkirk 
  tiiere 
  is 
  a 
  bed 
  of 
  clay 
  having 
  a 
  depth 
  of 
  over 
  20 
  feet. 
  

   The 
  upper 
  6 
  feet 
  are 
  yellow 
  and 
  of 
  a 
  sandy 
  nature, 
  while 
  the 
  

   lower 
  two 
  thirds 
  are 
  blue 
  and 
  of 
  much 
  better 
  quality. 
  It 
  is 
  men- 
  

   tioned 
  by 
  Prof. 
  Hall^ 
  in 
  his 
  report., 
  and 
  is 
  an 
  instructive 
  example 
  

   of 
  the 
  manner 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  clay 
  changes 
  in 
  color, 
  downward 
  as 
  far 
  

   as 
  the 
  water 
  can 
  percolate 
  and 
  oxidize 
  the 
  iron. 
  

  

  Around 
  Buffalo 
  is 
  an 
  extensive 
  series 
  of 
  flats 
  underlain 
  by 
  a 
  red 
  

   clay. 
  A 
  thin 
  layer 
  of 
  sand 
  suitable 
  for 
  tempering 
  overlies 
  the 
  clay 
  

   in 
  spots, 
  and 
  limestone 
  pebbles 
  are 
  scattered 
  through 
  it. 
  Similar 
  

   deposits 
  occur 
  at 
  several 
  localities 
  tO' 
  the 
  north 
  of 
  the 
  ridge 
  road 
  

   and 
  around 
  Niagara 
  Falls, 
  also 
  at 
  Tonawanda 
  and 
  La 
  Salle, 
  to 
  the 
  

   north 
  of 
  Buffalo, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  south 
  of 
  it 
  along 
  the 
  shore 
  of 
  Lake 
  Erie. 
  

   Much 
  of 
  this 
  clay 
  was 
  deposited 
  during 
  the 
  former 
  extension 
  of 
  the 
  

   great 
  lakes. 
  

  

  Prof. 
  Hall 
  mentions 
  deposits 
  of 
  clay 
  at 
  the 
  following 
  localities: 
  

   at 
  Linden 
  one 
  mile 
  south 
  of 
  Yates 
  Center;^ 
  along 
  the 
  shore 
  of 
  Lake 
  

  

  ^ 
  I. 
  P. 
  Bishop. 
  Mh 
  ann 
  rep^t 
  N. 
  Y. 
  state 
  geologist. 
  1885, 
  

   ^ 
  The 
  term 
  soil 
  is 
  probably 
  meant 
  to 
  indicate 
  sand 
  and 
  clay. 
  

  

  3 
  Ann. 
  rcp't 
  Onondaga 
  salt 
  springs. 
  1888. 
  p. 
  19. 
  

  

  4 
  Geol. 
  Neiv 
  York, 
  4th 
  district. 
  1843. 
  p. 
  362. 
  

  

  5 
  " 
  p. 
  437. 
  

  

  