﻿578 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  witli 
  pebbles 
  of 
  shale 
  and 
  quartz. 
  The 
  sand 
  grains 
  are 
  chiefly 
  

   gTOund-up 
  shale, 
  the 
  rest 
  being 
  silicions 
  and 
  calcareous, 
  with 
  a 
  

   few 
  grains 
  of 
  feldspar 
  and 
  garnet. 
  This 
  sand 
  can 
  often 
  be 
  used 
  for 
  

   tempering, 
  but 
  at 
  Catskill 
  contains 
  too 
  much 
  lime 
  for 
  this 
  purpose. 
  

  

  I 
  have 
  not 
  observed 
  this 
  underlying 
  sand 
  and 
  gravel 
  reaching 
  a 
  

   greater 
  hight 
  than 
  90 
  to 
  100 
  feet 
  above 
  sea 
  level. 
  

  

  From 
  Catskill 
  northward 
  the 
  clay 
  is 
  in 
  most 
  cases 
  covered 
  by 
  

   but 
  a 
  foot 
  or 
  two 
  of 
  loam, 
  but 
  south 
  of 
  Catskill 
  it 
  is 
  mostly 
  a 
  fine 
  

   sand. 
  At 
  Catskill 
  a 
  terrace 
  extends 
  back 
  2 
  miles 
  and 
  probably 
  

   more; 
  it 
  is 
  deeply 
  incised 
  by 
  Catskill 
  and 
  Kaaterskill 
  creeks 
  and 
  

   smaller 
  streams 
  and 
  rocky 
  islands 
  project 
  above 
  its 
  surface 
  at 
  vari- 
  

   ous 
  points. 
  The 
  terrace 
  can 
  be 
  traced 
  up 
  to 
  Walkill 
  valley 
  to 
  a 
  

   point 
  several 
  miles 
  south 
  of 
  'New 
  Paltz. 
  Along 
  the 
  West 
  Shore 
  

   railroad 
  track, 
  about 
  150 
  feet 
  south 
  of 
  the 
  station, 
  the 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  

   cutting 
  consists 
  of 
  thin 
  alternating 
  layers 
  of 
  clay 
  and 
  sand 
  27 
  feet 
  

   thick. 
  Above 
  this, 
  in 
  places, 
  is, 
  9 
  feet 
  of 
  fine, 
  stratified, 
  yellowish 
  

   sand. 
  The 
  clay 
  extends 
  along 
  the 
  track 
  for 
  about 
  one 
  fourth 
  of 
  a 
  

   mile 
  till 
  it 
  meets 
  an 
  outcrop 
  of 
  Hudson 
  river 
  sandstone. 
  On 
  the 
  

   south 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  Catskill 
  mountain 
  railroad, 
  100 
  feet 
  from 
  the 
  

   bridge, 
  is 
  an 
  exposure 
  of 
  sand 
  and 
  gravel, 
  the 
  pebbles 
  being 
  very 
  

   coarse. 
  It 
  is 
  presumably 
  drift 
  material, 
  but 
  the 
  exposure 
  is 
  an 
  

   isolated 
  one 
  and 
  does 
  not 
  show 
  its 
  relation 
  to 
  other 
  deposits 
  of 
  the 
  

   vicinity. 
  At 
  Smith's 
  dock, 
  on 
  the 
  land 
  of 
  T. 
  Brousseau 
  near 
  the 
  

   river, 
  the 
  upper 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  terrace 
  escarpment 
  consists 
  of 
  fine 
  

   stratified 
  sand, 
  which 
  has 
  been 
  excavated 
  to 
  a 
  depth 
  of 
  12 
  feet 
  with- 
  

   out 
  finding 
  clay, 
  while 
  farther 
  back 
  from 
  the 
  river 
  the 
  clay 
  extends 
  

   to 
  within 
  2 
  feet 
  of 
  the 
  terrace 
  level. 
  

  

  The 
  Hudson 
  river 
  shale 
  rises 
  steeply 
  along 
  the 
  water's 
  edge 
  

   from 
  here 
  down 
  to 
  Maiden, 
  and 
  crops 
  out 
  at 
  numerous 
  points 
  in 
  

   the 
  terrace 
  escarpment. 
  The 
  clay 
  along 
  here 
  is 
  probably 
  not 
  of 
  

   great 
  depth. 
  Clay 
  is 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  railroad 
  cutting 
  to 
  the 
  north 
  

   of 
  Maiden 
  station, 
  about 
  7 
  feet 
  above 
  the 
  track 
  level, 
  and 
  clay 
  is 
  

   exposed 
  in 
  numerous 
  cuttings 
  of 
  the 
  West 
  Shore 
  railroad, 
  from 
  

   Maiden 
  to 
  Mt 
  Marion. 
  

  

  