﻿584 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  diorite, 
  gneiss 
  and 
  red 
  sandstone. 
  About 
  600 
  feet 
  to 
  the 
  west 
  of 
  

   tJie 
  yard 
  of 
  D. 
  Fowler 
  jr 
  & 
  Washburn 
  the 
  clay 
  is 
  being 
  excavated 
  

   in 
  the 
  terrace 
  escarpment, 
  which 
  is 
  here 
  45 
  to 
  50 
  feet 
  hig^h. 
  It 
  is 
  

   mostly 
  blue, 
  thinly, 
  stratified 
  and 
  overlain 
  by 
  obscurely 
  stratified 
  

   gravel 
  and 
  sand. 
  In 
  this 
  excavation 
  was 
  a 
  small 
  ice-scratched 
  

   boulder 
  which 
  had 
  been 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  clay. 
  At 
  J. 
  Brennan's 
  yard 
  

   the 
  clay 
  is 
  overlain 
  by 
  2 
  to 
  3 
  feet 
  of 
  fine 
  sand, 
  and 
  on 
  this 
  is 
  a 
  

   layer 
  of 
  indistinctly 
  stratified 
  fine 
  gravel 
  6 
  to 
  7 
  feet 
  thick, 
  

   with 
  a 
  covering 
  of 
  one 
  foot 
  of 
  soil. 
  The 
  terrace 
  at 
  this 
  point 
  is 
  

   about 
  60 
  feet 
  high. 
  Cobbles 
  1 
  to 
  2 
  feet 
  in 
  diameter 
  of 
  granite, 
  

   gneiss 
  and 
  pegmatite 
  were 
  found 
  in 
  this 
  bank. 
  Farther 
  south 
  at 
  

   Peck's 
  yard, 
  several 
  boulders 
  of 
  granite, 
  limestone 
  and 
  sandstone 
  

   were 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  clay. 
  Those 
  seen 
  were 
  in 
  the 
  lower 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  

   bed, 
  but 
  I 
  was 
  told 
  that 
  several 
  had 
  been 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  upper 
  

   portion. 
  

  

  Along 
  the 
  river 
  behind 
  the 
  yards 
  of 
  the 
  Excelsior 
  and 
  Diamond 
  

   brick 
  CO. 
  most 
  of 
  the 
  overlying 
  material 
  has 
  been 
  removed 
  by 
  

   stripping, 
  but, 
  judging 
  from 
  what 
  is 
  left, 
  it 
  must 
  have 
  been 
  10 
  to 
  

   15 
  feet 
  thick. 
  South 
  of 
  Haverstraw 
  the 
  contact 
  of 
  the 
  clay 
  Avitli 
  

   the 
  underlying 
  drift 
  can 
  be 
  observed, 
  the 
  clay 
  thinning 
  out 
  as 
  it 
  

   approaches 
  the 
  hill. 
  Some 
  2 
  miles 
  south 
  from 
  Haverstraw, 
  and 
  

   half 
  way 
  between 
  the 
  stations 
  of 
  Ivy 
  Leaf 
  and 
  Thiells 
  on 
  the 
  Kew 
  

   York 
  & 
  l^ew 
  Jersey 
  railroad 
  in 
  the 
  valley 
  of 
  Ivory 
  creek, 
  is 
  a 
  basin- 
  

   shaped 
  deposit 
  of 
  clay 
  belonging 
  to 
  E. 
  W. 
  Christie. 
  It 
  is 
  not 
  over 
  

   15 
  feet 
  thick 
  as 
  determined 
  by 
  boring, 
  and 
  has 
  a 
  slightly 
  elliptic 
  

   outline. 
  The 
  valley 
  in 
  which 
  it 
  lies 
  is 
  full 
  of 
  glacial 
  material, 
  and 
  

   contains 
  numerous 
  kames, 
  whose 
  axes 
  lie 
  parallel 
  to 
  the 
  direction 
  

   of 
  the 
  valley. 
  The 
  clay 
  is 
  underlain 
  by 
  drift 
  material 
  containing 
  

   boulders 
  of 
  quartzite, 
  calciferous 
  sandrock, 
  granite, 
  sandstone, 
  

   gneiss 
  and 
  schist. 
  Over 
  the 
  clay 
  is 
  1 
  to 
  2 
  feet 
  of 
  sand 
  contain- 
  

   ing 
  large 
  ice-scratched 
  stones 
  of 
  quartzite, 
  gneiss 
  and 
  schist. 
  This 
  

   clay 
  deposit 
  was 
  probably 
  formed 
  in 
  a 
  small 
  lake. 
  If 
  it 
  were 
  a 
  

   portion 
  of 
  the 
  Hudson 
  river 
  estuary 
  deposits, 
  it 
  would 
  indicate 
  a 
  

   much 
  greater 
  submergence 
  'than 
  100 
  feet, 
  supposed 
  for 
  this 
  region. 
  

  

  